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Paleoenvironmental reconstruction of the Early to Middle Miocene Central Paratethys using stable isotopes from bryozoan skeletons

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Abstract

Stable carbon and oxygen isotope values from single bryozoan colonies were used to reconstruct the paleoenvironments of the Early to Middle Miocene (Ottnangian to Badenian) sediments of the Central Paratethys. This approach utilizes a locally abundant allochem while avoiding matrix and multiple allochem contamination from bulk rock samples. Bryozoan colonies (and a few foraminifera and rock matrix samples) from 14 localities yielded 399 carbon and oxygen isotope values. Data from six of the localities (15 % of the total number of samples) were interpreted as having been diagenetically altered and were rejected. The remaining data indicate a primarily localized upwelling signal with lesser variation caused by global climatic and regional tectonic forcing of sea level, salinity, and temperature. Paleotemperatures were calculated to range from 12 to 21 °C. Despite potential taxonomic and diagenetic problems, bryozoan colonies are a powerful, underutilized source of paleoenvironmental carbon and oxygen isotope data.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the following people for assistance with this project. T. Prokopiuk (University of Saskatchewan) provided technical assistance at the Saskatchewan Isotope Laboratory. Helpful reviews by O. Mandic (Vienna Natural History Museum) and B. Berning (Biology Centre Linz) greatly improved this manuscript. This research was funded by the Grant Agency of Czech Republic (GAČR grant 205/09/0103 to KZ). Acknowledgment is also made to the donors of the American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund (PRF grant #38713-B8 to MMK) for the support of this research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Earth Sciences, Dickinson College, P.O. Box 1773, Carlisle, PA, 17013-2896, USA

    Marcus M. Key Jr.

  2. Department of Paleontology, National Museum, Václavské nám. 68, 11579, Prague 1, Czech Republic

    Kamil Zágoršek

  3. Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E2, Canada

    William P. Patterson

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  1. Marcus M. Key Jr.
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  2. Kamil Zágoršek
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  3. William P. Patterson
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Correspondence to Marcus M. Key Jr..

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Key, M.M., Zágoršek, K. & Patterson, W.P. Paleoenvironmental reconstruction of the Early to Middle Miocene Central Paratethys using stable isotopes from bryozoan skeletons. Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch) 102, 305–318 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-012-0786-z

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