Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study is to develop a Spanish version of the Body Image Scale (Hopwood et al. Eur J Cancer 37(2):189–197, 2001) and to analyze its psychometric properties in a sample of women with breast or gynaecological cancer.
Methods
The Spanish version of the Body Image Scale was developed using a forward and backward translation technique . A total sample of 100 women who had undergone radical surgery for breast (n = 50) or gynaecological cancer (n = 50) completed the scale.
Results
Factor analysis resulted in a single-factor solution, both in the total sample and in the two subgroups, accounting for >76 % variance. Internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) was 0.960. The Spanish version of the Body Image Scale correlated negatively with self-esteem (r = −0.733), quality of life (r = −0.632) and age (r = −0.643) and positively with depression (r = 0.832) and anxiety (r = 0.564); all p values <0.01.
Conclusions
To our knowledge, this is the first study that provides a Spanish version of the Body Image Scale. Our results show a stable factorial structure between samples with a single-factor solution and good psychometric properties, suggesting that it is a suitable tool for measuring body image concerns among Spanish-speaking cancer patients. Its brevity and comprehensibility allow a quick assessment both in clinical and research settings.
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Acknowledgments
This study was supported by a public grant from “Agencia Lain Entralgo” (Ministry of Health; Madrid, Spain). The authors thank Maria Die-Trill (University General Hospital ‘Gregorio Marañón’, Madrid, Spain) for her assistance during the data collection process. The authors also thank Dr. Penelope Hopwood for her permission to use the Body Image Scale.
Conflict of interest
No conflicts of interest exist for any of the authors of this study.
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Appendices
Appendices
Appendix 1 Escala de Imagen Corporal-BIS
Versión original: P. Hopwood, I. Fletcher, A. Lee and S. Al Ghazal (2001)
Versión española (S-BIS): P. Gómez-Campelo y C. Bragado-Álvarez (2007)
En este cuestionario se le preguntará sobre cómo se siente acerca de su aspecto físico y de los cambios que puedan haberle ocurrido como consecuencia de la enfermedad o del tratamiento recibido.
Por favor, lea cuidadosamente cada ítem y marque la respuesta que mejor se ajuste a cómo se ha sentido durante la pasada semana.
En absoluto | Un poco | Bastante | Mucho | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1. ¿Se ha sentido avergonzada(o) o cohibida(o) por su aspecto físico? | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
2. ¿Se ha sentido físicamente menos atractiva(o) a consecuencia de la enfermedad o de su tratamiento? | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
3. ¿Se ha sentido descontenta(o) con su aspecto cuando está vestida(o)? | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
4. ¿Se ha sentido menos femenina/masculino como consecuencia de su enfermedad o tratamiento? | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
5. ¿Le resulta difícil mirarse cuando está desnuda(o)? | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
6. ¿Se ha sentido menos atractiva(o) sexualmente a consecuencia de su enfermedad o tratamiento? | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
7. ¿Ha evitado a alguien debido al modo en que se sentía en relación a su aspecto? | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
8. ¿Ha sentido que el tratamiento ha dejado su cuerpo “menos completo”? | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
9. ¿Se ha sentido insatisfecha(o) con su cuerpo? | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
10. ¿Se ha sentido insatisfecha(o) con el aspecto de su cicatriz? | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
Appendix 2
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Gómez-Campelo, P., Bragado-Álvarez, C., Hernández-Lloreda, M.J. et al. The Spanish version of the Body Image Scale (S-BIS): psychometric properties in a sample of breast and gynaecological cancer patients. Support Care Cancer 23, 473–481 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-014-2383-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-014-2383-0