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Bacterial substitution of coagulase-negative staphylococci for streptococci on the oral mucosa after hematopoietic cell transplantation

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Abstract

Purpose

Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are frequently isolated from blood cultures of hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) patients. Generally, the use of central venous catheters is recognized as a significant risk factor for CoNS infection, while the impact of CoNS infection from oral ulcerative mucositis, which occurs frequently in HCT, may be underestimated. Here, we examined the bacteria on the buccal mucosa after HCT.

Methods

Sixty-one patients were examined for bacteria on the buccal mucosa routinely once a week from 1 week before to 3 weeks after allogeneic HCT. Subjects were divided into groups with short and long periods of antibiotic use, and differences in bacterial substitution were evaluated. The relationships between type of HCT (conventional HCT or RIST) and bacterial substitution were also evaluated.

Results

The changes in detection frequencies of CoNS and α-streptococci from before to 3 weeks after HCT were significant (P < 0.05, χ 2 test): 14.5–53.3% and 92.7–53.1%, respectively. Significant bacterial substitution of CoNS for streptococci was observed in the long-term antibiotic use group (P < 0.05, χ 2 test), but also occurred in cases with short-term or no antibiotic use. No relationships between type of HCT (conventional HCT or RIST) were observed.

Conclusion

Bacterial substitution of CoNS for streptococci occurred frequently on the buccal mucosa after HCT. In addition to antibiotic use, environmental factors may be involved in bacterial substitution. It is important to consider the presence of oral mucositis in CoNS infection after HCT.

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Acknowledgments

This study was partially conducted as the education curriculum, Practice in Dental Sciences, in Okayama University Dental School. We thank Ms. Hitomi Ono and Mr. Hidetaka Ideguchi, students at Okayama University Dental School, for data analysis. This study was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (Start-up #20890138 and B #22791836), from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) (YS) and FY 2010 Researcher Exchange Program between JSPS and The Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that there were no conflicts of interest in this study.

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Author notes

  1. Fusanori Nishimura

    Present address: Department of Dental Science for Health Promotion, Division of Cervico-Gnathostomatology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan

  2. Fumihiko Ishimaru

    Present address: Okayama Red Cross Blood Center, Okayama, Japan

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathophysiology–Periodontal Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan

    Yoshihiko Soga, Hiroshi Maeda, Fusanori Nishimura & Shogo Takashiba

  2. Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan

    Yoshinobu Maeda, Fumihiko Ishimaru & Mitsune Tanimoto

Authors
  1. Yoshihiko Soga
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  2. Yoshinobu Maeda
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  3. Fumihiko Ishimaru
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  4. Mitsune Tanimoto
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  5. Hiroshi Maeda
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  6. Fusanori Nishimura
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  7. Shogo Takashiba
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Shogo Takashiba.

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Soga, Y., Maeda, Y., Ishimaru, F. et al. Bacterial substitution of coagulase-negative staphylococci for streptococci on the oral mucosa after hematopoietic cell transplantation. Support Care Cancer 19, 995–1000 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-010-0923-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-010-0923-9

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