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Körperliche Aktivität und muskuloskeletale Schmerzen

Ein Fokus-Review aus dem MiSpEx-Forschungsverbund

Physical activity and musculoskeletal pain

A focus review within the MiSpEx research group

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Zusammenfassung

Chronische Schmerzerkrankungen gehen häufig mit subjektiv empfundenen Beeinträchtigungen in der körperlichen Aktivität einher. Bislang existieren jedoch keine allgemeingültigen Empfehlungen dafür, welches Maß körperlicher Aktivität heilungsfördernd ist und wie Alltagsaktivität und therapeutische Übungen für einzelne Patientenpopulationen gestaltet werden sollten. Der vorliegende Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über die Effekte körperlicher Aktivität bei Schmerzpatienten und Gesunden in verschiedenen Lebenskontexten. Die empirische Befundlage gibt Hinweise darauf, dass körperliche Aktivität je nach Ausmaß und Intensität gesundheitsförderlich oder aber schmerzerzeugend wirken kann. Vor allem eine kurzfristige Verschlimmerung der Beschwerden nach einer therapeutischen Intervention kann ein maßgebliches Problem für die Adhärenz der Patienten darstellen. Studien zum Einfluss psychosozialer Risikofaktoren auf Schmerz und die körperliche Beeinträchtigung weisen auf die Notwendigkeit stärker individualisierter Behandlungsverfahren hin.

Abstract

Chronic pain diseases are often accompanied by a subjectively perceived impairment in physical activity. Moreover, to date it has not been possible to formulate general recommendations on a therapeutic quantity of physical activity and how activities of daily life and movement exercises should be designed for specific patient populations. This article gives an overview about the effects of physical activity in chronic pain patients and healthy subjects with respect to the different contexts of activities of daily living. Empirical evidence suggests that physical activity might have health-promoting or even pain-provoking effects, depending on the amount and intensity. In particular, a temporary exacerbation of symptoms after an exercise intervention could pose a serious problem concerning patient adherence to treatment. Studies investigating the influence of psychosocial risk factors on pain and disability indicate the need for more individualized pain management techniques.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Medizinische Psychologie und Medizinische Soziologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801, Bochum, Deutschland

    C. Titze, H. Gajsar M.Sc. & M. I. Hasenbring

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  1. C. Titze
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  2. H. Gajsar M.Sc.
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  3. M. I. Hasenbring
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Correspondence to H. Gajsar M.Sc..

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Interessenkonflikt

C. Titze, H. Gajsar und M.I. Hasenbring geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine von den Autoren durchgeführten Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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Titze, C., Gajsar, H. & Hasenbring, M.I. Körperliche Aktivität und muskuloskeletale Schmerzen. Schmerz 30, 421–428 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00482-016-0152-3

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