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Variations in volatile oil yields and compositions of Magnolia zenii Cheng flower buds at different growth stages

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The volatile oil yields and compositions of Magnolia zenii flower at different growth stages had significant differences. Moreover, the yields was influenced by the density of cells and degree of oil accumulation.

Abstract

To investigate the variations of the contents and chemical compositions of volatile oil in Magnolia zenii flower, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and microscopic techniques were employed to detect the volatile compounds of M. zenii flowers at various growth stages. The results indicated that the volatile oil yields in M. zenii flower at different growth stages had significant differences, which were not only closely related to the internal factors of the oil cell densities and oil accumulation degree, but they were also related to the external factors of environmental conditions. With the appropriate temperatures and long sunshine in October of 2013, the flower buds had the maximum percentage of oil cells at the oil saturation stage and the highest density of oil cells (164.50 n/mm2), which coincided with the highest oil yield (11.61 %). With a sharp decline in the temperature and sunshine in November of 2013, the volatile oil yield was significantly lower (5.02 %). In the full flowering stage in March of 2014, flower buds had a higher percentage of oil cells at the oil degrading stage and the lowest oil cell density (23.75/mm2), resulting in the lowest oil yield (3.07 %). Abundant medicinal components and perfume components in the M. zenii flower were detected by GC–MS analysis, which had significant pharmacological effects or could serve as perfume materials. These results provided reference information for the economic value evaluation and rational utilization of the M. zenii flower.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Dr. Yan-ping Fan and Bin Zhou for their technical assistance for GC–MS operation. This study was supported by the Science and Technology Innovation Fund Project on Forestry of Guangdong Province (2012KJCX015-06) and the PhD Start-up Fund of Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (2014A030310433).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China

    M. L. Hu, Y. Q. Li, M. Bai & H. Wu

  2. Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China

    H. Wu

  3. Guangdong Technology Research Center for Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Natural Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China

    H. Wu

  4. Xi’an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province, 710061, Xi’an, China

    Y. L. Wang

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  1. M. L. Hu
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  2. Y. Q. Li
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  4. Y. L. Wang
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  5. H. Wu
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Correspondence to H. Wu.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Communicated by M. Buckeridge.

M. L. Hu and Y. Q. Li is co-first author.

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Hu, M.L., Li, Y.Q., Bai, M. et al. Variations in volatile oil yields and compositions of Magnolia zenii Cheng flower buds at different growth stages. Trees 29, 1649–1660 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-015-1245-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-015-1245-9

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