Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), also referred to as multipotent stromal cells, have been isolated from various adult tissue sources because of their capabilities of differentiating into multiple cell lineages including osteoblasts, thus providing a novel approach for treating bone diseases and metabolic disorders. Despite extensive potential in cell therapy and widespread interest in clinical applications of MSCs, the molecular mechanisms with regard to the regulation of their therapeutic properties and osteoblast differentiation remain to be fully elucidated. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a novel class of endogenous small noncoding RNAs, regulate gene expressions by translational repression or degradation of their targets. Recently, emerging evidence has shown that miRNAs are closely involved in controlling the key steps of osteoblast differentiation in MSCs. This review focuses on miRNAs and their roles in regulating osteogenic differentiation of MSCs.
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Abbreviations
- MSCs:
-
Mesenchymal stem cells
- miRNAs:
-
MicroRNAs
- RNA pol II:
-
RNA polymerase II
- pri-miRNAs:
-
Primary miRNAs
- pre-miRNAs:
-
Precursor miRNAs
- RISC:
-
RNA-induced silencing complex
- 3'UTR:
-
3'Untranslated region
- hASCs:
-
Human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells
- ALP:
-
Alkaline phosphatase
- Osx:
-
Osterix
- Dlx5:
-
Distal-less homeobox 5
- BMP-2:
-
Bone morphogenetic protein-2
- ChIP:
-
Chromatin immunoprecipitation
- BMPR2:
-
Bone morphogenetic protein receptor type II
- HDAC:
-
Histone deacetylase
- PPARγ:
-
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ
- OCN:
-
Osteocalcin
- COUP-TFII:
-
Chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor II
- GSK-3:
-
Glycogen synthase kinase 3
- hUMSCs:
-
Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells
- SFRP2:
-
Secreted frizzled related protein 2
- Ets1:
-
Erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog 1
- TGF-β:
-
Transforming growth factor-β
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CH and SW-J participated in the design of the review. CH contributed in table designing and review writing. JN-G searched for literature and helped to design figures. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (nos. 31272425 and 31472075), the National Science and Technology Pillar Program (no. 2011BAD28B01), and the Major Technology Innovation Program of Hubei Province (no. 2014ABA025).
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Huang, C., Geng, J. & Jiang, S. MicroRNAs in regulation of osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Cell Tissue Res 368, 229–238 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-016-2462-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-016-2462-2