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l-Dopa decarboxylase (DDC) constitutes an emerging biomarker in predicting patients’ survival with stomach adenocarcinomas

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Abstract

Purpose

Stomach adenocarcinoma represents a major health problem and is regarded as the second commonest cause of cancer-associated mortality, universally, since it is still difficult to be perceived at a curable stage. Several lines of evidence have pointed out that the expression of l-Dopa decarboxylase (DDC) gene and/or protein becomes distinctively modulated in several human neuroendocrine neoplasms as well as adenocarcinomas.

Methods

In order to elucidate the clinical role of DDC on primary gastric adenocarcinomas, we determined qualitatively and quantitatively the mRNA levels of the gene with regular PCR and real-time PCR by using the comparative threshold cycle method, correspondingly, and detected the expression of DDC protein by immunoblotting in cancerous and normal stomach tissue specimens.

Results

A statistically significant association was disclosed between DDC expression and gastric intestinal histotype as well as tumor localization at the distal third part of the stomach (p = 0.025 and p = 0.029, respectively). Univariate and multivariate analyses highlighted the powerful prognostic importance of DDC in relation to disease-free survival and overall survival of gastric cancer patients. According to Kaplan–Meier curves, the relative risk of relapse was found to be decreased in DDC-positive (p = 0.031) patients who, also, exhibited higher overall survival rates (p = 0.016) than those with DDC-negative tumors.

Conclusions

This work is the first to shed light on the potential clinical usefulness of DDC, as an efficient tumor biomarker in gastric cancer. The provided evidence underlines the propitious predictive value of DDC expression in the survival of stomach adenocarcinoma patients.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Bodossaki Foundation for the generous donation of the thermal cycler ABI Prism 7500.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15701, Athens, Greece

    Dimitra Florou, Emmanuel G. Fragoulis & Andreas Scorilas

  2. Fourth Surgery Department, University General Hospital “Attikon”, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Athens, 1 Rimini Street, 12462, Athens, Greece

    Iordanis N. Papadopoulos

Authors
  1. Dimitra Florou
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  2. Iordanis N. Papadopoulos
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  3. Emmanuel G. Fragoulis
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  4. Andreas Scorilas
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Correspondence to Andreas Scorilas.

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Florou, D., Papadopoulos, I.N., Fragoulis, E.G. et al. l-Dopa decarboxylase (DDC) constitutes an emerging biomarker in predicting patients’ survival with stomach adenocarcinomas. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 139, 297–306 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-012-1326-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-012-1326-8

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