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Assessment of nutrient remobilization through structural changes of palisade and spongy parenchyma in oilseed rape leaves during senescence

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Abstract

Main conclusion

Differential palisade and spongy parenchyma structural changes in oilseed rape leaf were demonstrated. These dismantling processes were linked to early senescence events and associated to remobilization processes.

Abstract

During leaf senescence, an ordered cell dismantling process allows efficient nutrient remobilization. However, in Brassica napus plants, an important amount of nitrogen (N) in fallen leaves is associated with low N remobilization efficiency (NRE). The leaf is a complex organ mainly constituted of palisade and spongy parenchyma characterized by different structures and functions concerning water relations and carbon fixation. The aim of the present study was to demonstrate a specific structural evolution of these parenchyma throughout natural senescence in B. napus, probably linked to differential nutrient remobilization processes. The study was performed on 340 leaves from 32 plants during an 8-week development period under controlled growing conditions. Water distribution and status at the cellular level were investigated by low-field proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), while light and electron microscopy were used to observe cell and plast structure. Physiological parameters were determined on all leaves studied and used as indicators of leaf development and remobilization progress. The results revealed a process of hydration and cell enlargement of leaf tissues associated with senescence. Wide variations were observed in the palisade parenchyma while spongy cells changed only very slightly. The major new functional information revealed was the link between the early senescence events and specific tissue dismantling processes.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the Regional Council of Bretagne for financial support. We also thank the Genetic Resources Center (BrACySol, BRC, UMR IGEPP, INRA Ploudaniel, France) for providing the seeds of the Tenor variety. We thank our colleagues of the Biopolymers, Structural Biology platform, INRA Nantes, France for their help and support with TEM studies. We thank Mireille CAMBERT (IRSTEA) for her assistance with NMR measurements, Françoise LEPRINCE for starch analysis, and Patrick LECONTE and the greenhouse team (IGEPP) for technical support with plant management.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Food Process Engineering Research Unit, IRSTEA, 35044, Rennes Cedex, France

    Clément Sorin, Maja Musse & François Mariette

  2. Université Européenne de Bretagne, Rennes, France

    Clément Sorin, Maja Musse, François Mariette, Alain Bouchereau & Laurent Leport

  3. Institute for Genetics Environment and Plant Protection (IGEPP), UMR INRA-Agrocampus Ouest-Université de Rennes 1, 35653, Le Rheu Cedex, France

    Clément Sorin, Alain Bouchereau & Laurent Leport

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  1. Clément Sorin
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Correspondence to Maja Musse.

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Sorin, C., Musse, M., Mariette, F. et al. Assessment of nutrient remobilization through structural changes of palisade and spongy parenchyma in oilseed rape leaves during senescence. Planta 241, 333–346 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-014-2182-3

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