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Non-genomic effect of glucocorticoids on cardiovascular system

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Abstract

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are essential steroid hormones for homeostasis, development, metabolism, and cognition and possess anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive actions. Since glucocorticoid receptor II (GR) is nearly ubiquitous, chronic activation or depletion of GCs leads to dysfunction of diverse organs, including the heart and blood vessels, resulting predominantly from changes in gene expression. Most studies, therefore, have focused on the genomic effects of GC to understand its related pathophysiological manifestations. The nongenomic effects of GCs clearly differ from well-known genomic effects, with the former responding within several minutes without the need for protein synthesis. There is increasing evidence that the nongenomic actions of GCs influence various physiological functions. To develop a GC-mediated therapeutic target for the treatment of cardiovascular disease, understanding the genomic and nongenomic effects of GC on the cardiovascular system is needed. This article reviews our current understanding of the underlying mechanisms of GCs on cardiovascular diseases and stress, as well as how nongenomic GC signaling contributes to these conditions. We suggest that manipulation of GC action based on both GC and GR metabolism, mitochondrial impact, and the action of serum- and glucocorticoid-dependent kinase 1 may provide new information with which to treat cardiovascular diseases.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by Priority Research Centers Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2010-0020224, 2010-0025855, and 2012-007595).

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  1. National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, 633-165 Gaegeum-Dong, Busanjin-Gu, Busan, 613-735, Korea

    Sung Ryul Lee, Hyoung Kyu Kim, Jae Boum Youm, Louise Anne Dizon, In Sung Song, Seung Hun Jeong, Dae Yun Seo, Kyoung Soo Ko, Byoung Doo Rhee, Nari Kim & Jin Han

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  1. Sung Ryul Lee
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Correspondence to Jin Han.

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Nari Kim and Jin Han contributed equally to this work.

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Lee, S.R., Kim, H.K., Youm, J.B. et al. Non-genomic effect of glucocorticoids on cardiovascular system. Pflugers Arch - Eur J Physiol 464, 549–559 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00424-012-1155-2

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