Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The effect of acute aerobic exercise on pulse wave velocity and oxidative stress following postprandial hypertriglyceridemia in healthy men

  • Original Articles
  • Published:
European Journal of Applied Physiology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Oxidative stress is postulated to be responsible for the postprandial impairments in vascular function. The purpose of this study was to measure pulse wave velocity (PWV) and markers of postprandial oxidative stress before and after an acute bout of moderate exercise. Ten trained male subjects (age 21.5 ± 2.5 years, VO2 max 58.5 ± 7.1 ml kg−1 min−1) participated in a randomised crossover design: (1) high-fat meal alone (2) high-fat meal followed 2 h later by a bout of 1 h moderate (60% max HR) exercise. PWV was examined at baseline, 1, 2, 3, and 4 h postprandially. Blood Lipid hydroperoxides (LOOHs), Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and other biochemical markers were measured. PWV increased at 1 h (6.49 ± 2.1 m s−1), 2 h (6.94 ± 2.4 m s−1), 3 h (7.25 ± 2.1 m s−1) and 4 h (7.41 ± 2.5 m s−1) respectively, in the control trial (P < 0.05). There was no change in PWV at 3 h (5.36 ± 1.1 m s−1) or 4 h (5.95 ± 2.3 m s−1) post ingestion in the exercise trial (P > 0.05). LOOH levels decreased at 3 h post ingestion in the exercise trial compared to levels at 3 h (P < 0.05) in the control trial. SOD levels were lower at 3 h post ingestion in the control trial compared to 3 h in the exercise trial (0.52 ± 0.05 vs. 0.41 ± 0.1 units μl−1; P < 0.05). These findings suggest that a single session of aerobic exercise can ameliorate the postprandial impairments in arterial function by possibly reducing oxidative stress levels.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

CAD:

Coronary artery disease

CE:

Cholesterol esterase

CO:

Cholesterol oxidase

CRP:

C-reactive protein

CV:

Co-efficient of variation

ECG:

Electrocardiograph

HDL-C:

High density lipoprotein cholesterol

HSD:

Honestly significant difference

LDL-C:

Low-density cholesterol

K3EDTA:

Potassium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid

LOOH:

Lipid hydroperoxides

NO:

Nitric oxide

NO −2 :

Nitrite

NO −3 :

Nitrate

NOS:

Nitric oxide synthase

eNOS:

Endothelial NOS

NO X :

Nitrate/nitrite

ONOO− :

Peroxynitrite

O −2 :

Superoxide anion

PHTG:

Postprandial hypertriglyceridemia

PWV:

Pulse wave velocity

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

TAG:

Triacylglycerols

References

  • Altman DG (1980) Statistics and ethics in medical research: III how large a sample? Br Med J 281:1336–1338

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ashton T, Young IS, Davison GW, Rowlands CC, McEneny J, Van Blerk C, Jones E, Peters JR, Jackson SK (2003) Exercise-induced endotoxemia: the effect of ascorbic acid supplementation. Free Radic Biol Med 35:284–291

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bae JH, Bassenge E, Kim KB, Kim YN, Kim KS, Lee HJ, Moon KC, Lee MS, Park KY, Schwemmer M (2001) Postprandial hypertriglyceridemia impairs endothelial function by enhanced oxidant stress. Atherosclerosis 155:517–523

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blendea MC, Bard M, Sowers JR, Winer N (2005) High-fat meal impairs vascular compliance in a subgroup of young healthy subjects. Metabolism 54:1337–1344

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bonetti PO, Lerman LO, Lerman A (2003) Endothelial dysfunction: a marker of atherosclerotic risk. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 23:168–175

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Borg GA (1973) Perceived exertion: a note on “history” and methods. Med Sci Sports 5:90–93

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cai H, Harrison DG (2000) Endothelial dysfunction in cardiovascular diseases: the role of oxidant stress. Circ Res 87:840–844

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ceriello A, Taboga C, Tonutti L, Quagliaro L, Piconi L, Bais B, Da Ros R, Motz E (2002) Evidence for an independent and cumulative effect of postprandial hypertriglyceridemia and hyperglycemia on endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress generation: effects of short- and long-term simvastatin treatment. Circulation 106:1211–1218

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dill DB, Costill DL (1974) Calculation of percentage changes in volumes of blood, plasma, and red cells in dehydration. J Appl Physiol 37:247–248

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Di Massimo C, Scarpelli P, Penco M, Tozzi-Ciancarelli MG (2004) Possible involvement of plasma antioxidant defences in training-associated decrease of platelet responsiveness in humans. Eur J Appl Physiol 91:406–412

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Finaud J, Lac G, Filaire E (2006) Oxidative stress: relationship with exercise and training. Sports Med 36:327–358

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS (1972) Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin Chem 18:499–502

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fukai T, Folz RJ, Landmesser U, Harrison DG (2002) Extracellular superoxide dismutase and cardiovascular disease. Cardiovasc Res 55:239–249

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gaenzer H, Sturm W, Neumayr G, Kirchmair R, Ebenbichler C, Ritsch A, Foger B, Weiss G, Patsch JR (2001) Pronounced postprandial lipemia impairs endothelium-dependent dilation of the brachial artery in men. Cardiovasc Res 52:509–516

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gewaltig MT, Kojda G (2002) Vasoprotection by nitric oxide: mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Cardiovasc Res 55:250–260

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gill JM, Al-Mamari A, Ferrell WR, Cleland SJ, Packard CJ, Sattar N, Petrie JR, Caslake MJ (2004) Effects of prior moderate exercise on postprandial metabolism and vascular function in lean and centrally obese men. J Am Col Cardiol 44:2375–2382

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gill JM, Hardman AE (2003) Exercise and postprandial lipid metabolism: an update on potential mechanisms and interactions with high-carbohydrate diets (review). J Nutr Biochem 14:122–132

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hambrecht R, Adams V, Erbs S, Linke A, Krankel N, Shu Y, Baither Y, Gielen S, Thiele H, Gummert JF, Mohr FW, Schuler G (2003) Regular physical activity improves endothelial function in patients with coronary artery disease by increasing phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Circulation 107:3152–3158

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Heistad DD (2006) Oxidative stress and vascular disease: 2005 duff lecture. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 26:689–695

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hiramatsu K, Arimori S (1988) Increased superoxide production by mononuclear cells of patients with hypertriglyceridemia and diabetes. Diabetes 37:832–837

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kalinowski L, Malinski T (2004) Endothelial NADH/NADPH-dependent enzymatic sources of superoxide production: relationship to endothelial dysfunction. Acta Biochimica Polonica 51:459–469

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kinlay S, Creager MA, Fukumoto M, Hikita H, Fang JC, Selwyn AP, Ganz P (2001) Endothelium-derived nitric oxide regulates arterial elasticity in human arteries in vivo. Hypertension 38:1049–1053

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leopold JA, Loscalzo J (2005) Oxidative enzymopathies and vascular disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 25:1332–1340

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Loffredo L, Pignatelli P, Cangemi R, Andreozzi P, Panico MA, Meloni V, Violi F (2006) Imbalance between nitric oxide generation and oxidative stress in patients with peripheral arterial disease: effect of an antioxidant treatment. J Vasc Surg 44:525–530

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Maeda S, Tanabe T, Otsuki T, Sugawara J, Iemitsu M, Miyauchi T, Kuno S, Ajisaka R, Matsuda M (2004) Moderate regular exercise increases basal production of nitric oxide in elderly women. Hypertens Res 27:947–953

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McLaughlin J, McNeill M, Braun B, McCormack PD (2003) Piezoelectric sensor determination of arterial pulse wave velocity. Physiol Meas 24:693–702

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Naka KK, Tweddel AC, Parthimos D, Henderson A, Goodfellow J, Frenneaux MP (2003) Arterial distensibility: acute changes following dynamic exercise in normal subjects. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 284:970–978

    Google Scholar 

  • Padilla J, Harris RA, Fly AD, Rink LD, Wallace JP (2006) The effect of acute exercise on endothelial function following a high-fat meal. Eur J Appl Physiol 98:256–262

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roberts CK, Vaziri ND, Wang XQ, Barnard RJ (2000) Enhanced NO inactivation and hypertension induced by a high-fat, refined-carbohydrate diet. Hypertension 36:423–429

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Safar M, Chamiot-Clerc P, Dagher G, Renaud JF (2001) Pulse pressure, endothelium function, and arterial stiffness in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Hypertension 38:1416–1421

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stocker R, Keaney JF Jr (2004) Role of oxidative modifications in atherosclerosis. Physiol Rev 84:1381–1478

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thompson PD, Buchner D, Pina IL, Balady GJ, Williams MA, Marcus BH, Berra K, Blair SN, Costa F, Franklin B, Fletcher GF, Gordon NF, Pate RR, Rodriguez BL, Yancey AK, Wenger NK, American Heart Association Council on Clinical Cardiology Subcommittee on Exercise, Rehabilitation, and Prevention, and American Heart Association Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism Subcommittee on Physical Activity (2003) Exercise and physical activity in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: A statement from the council on clinical cardiology (subcommittee on exercise, rehabilitation, and prevention) and the council on nutrition, physical activity, and metabolism (subcommittee on physical activity). Circulation 107:3109–3116

    Google Scholar 

  • Tsai WC, Li YH, Lin CC, Chao TH, Chen JH (2004) Effects of oxidative stress on endothelial function after a high-fat meal. Clin Sci 106:315–319

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • van Oostrom AJ, Sijmonsma TP, Verseyden C, Jansen EH, de Koning EJ, Rabelink TJ, Castro Cabezas M (2003) Postprandial recruitment of neutrophils may contribute to endothelial dysfunction. J Lipid Res 44:576–583

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Walther C, Gielen S, Hambrecht R (2004) The effect of exercise training on endothelial function in cardiovascular disease in humans. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 32:129–134

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wang JS, Lee T, Chow SE (2006) Role of exercise intensities in oxidized low-density lipoprotein-mediated redox status of monocyte in men. J Appl Physiol 101:740–744

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wilkinson IB, Qasem A, McEniery CM, Webb DJ, Avolio AP, Cockcroft JR (2002) Nitric oxide regulates local arterial distensibility in vivo. Circulation 105:213–217

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wolff SP (1994) Ferrous ion oxidation in presence of ferric ion indicator xylenol orange for measurement of hydroperoxides. Methods Enzymol 233:182–189

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Young IS, Woodside JV (2001) Antioxidants in health and disease. J Clin Pathol 54:176–186

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang JQ, Thomas TR, Ball SD (1998) Effect of exercise timing on postprandial lipemia and HDL cholesterol subfractions. J Appl Physiol 85:1516–1522

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, School of Sports Studies, University of Ulster, Shore Road, Newtownabbey, County Antrim, BT37 OQB, UK

    Conor M. Mc Clean, Marie H. Murphy & Gareth W. Davison

  2. School of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, University of Ulster Jordanstown, Shore Road, Newtownabbey, County Antrim, BT37 0QB, UK

    Jim Mc Laughlin & George Burke

  3. Department of Medicine, Ulster Hospital, Dundonald, Belfast, BT16 1RH, UK

    Tom Trinick & Ellie Duly

Authors
  1. Conor M. Mc Clean
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jim Mc Laughlin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. George Burke
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Marie H. Murphy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Tom Trinick
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Ellie Duly
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Gareth W. Davison
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Conor M. Mc Clean.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Mc Clean, C.M., Mc Laughlin, J., Burke, G. et al. The effect of acute aerobic exercise on pulse wave velocity and oxidative stress following postprandial hypertriglyceridemia in healthy men. Eur J Appl Physiol 100, 225–234 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-007-0422-y

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-007-0422-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation