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Intracameral cefuroxime in the prevention of postoperative endophthalmitis: an experience from Hong Kong

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose was to study the effect of introducing intracameral cefuroxime, which was compounded by a hospital pharmacy, on postoperative endophthalmitis in a tertiary eye centre in Hong Kong.

Methods

All cases that underwent cataract surgeries over a 12-year period (January 2004 to December 2015) were included. The routine use of intracameral cefuroxime at the end of cataract surgery was introduced at our centre after April 2010. All cefuroxime aliquots were prepared by the hospital pharmacy using an aseptic compounding technique. The rates of postoperative endophthalmitis before April 2010 (Group 1, no intracameral cefuroxime) and after April 2010 (Group 2, routine use of intracameral cefuroxime) were compared.

Results

A total of 30,428 eyes (7,332 in Group 1 and 23,096 in Group 2) were studied. Eight cases developed postoperative endophthalmitis (1.09 in 1000; 0.11 %) in Group 1 whereas no cases developed endophthalmitis (0 %) in Group 2. The rate of reduction was statistically significant (p < 0.0001). Seven out of eight cases of endophthalmitis were confirmed by positive culture. Organisms identified were Group G Streptococcus (two cases), Group B Streptococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, Serratia marcescens, and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (two cases). Antibiotic susceptibility testing results were available in six cases. Four out of six organisms were susceptible to the penicillin group. No adverse events related to the use of intracameral cefuroxime were encountered.

Conclusions

The use of intracameral cefuroxime could significantly reduce the rate of postoperative endophthalmitis in a tertiary centre in Hong Kong. The use of aseptic compounding to prepare cefuroxime aliquots by hospital pharmacy appeared to be safe and efficacious.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge Mr. Kelvin Siu-Hing Wong for his assistance in the statistical analysis for this article.

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Correspondence to Kenneth Kai-Wang Li.

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All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers’ bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements), or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript. All authors have no proprietary interests in the materials discussed in this article.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. For this type of retrospective study, formal consent is not required.

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Ng, A.LK., Tang, W.WT., Li, P.SH. et al. Intracameral cefuroxime in the prevention of postoperative endophthalmitis: an experience from Hong Kong. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 254, 1987–1992 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-016-3473-0

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