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Detection of endothelial progenitor cells in human skin wounds and its application for wound age determination

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Abstract

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), a newly identified cell type, are bone marrow-derived progenitor cells that co-express stem cell markers and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor (Flk-1). In this study, a double-color immunofluorescence analysis was carried out using anti-CD34 and anti-Flk-1 antibodies to examine the time-dependent appearance of EPCs, using 52 human skin wounds with different wound ages (Group I, 0–1 days; Group II, 2–6 days; Group III, 7–14 days; and Group IV, 17–21 days). In wound specimens with an age of less than one day, CD34+/Flk-1+ EPCs were not detected. EPCs were initially observed in wounds aged two days, and their number was increased in lesions with advances in wound age. In morphometrical analysis, the average number of EPCs was the highest in the wounds of Group III. Especially, 20 out of 21 wounds aged 7–12 days had >20 EPCs, and all wound samples with postinfliction intervals of 14–21 days had <15 EPCs. These observations at least showed that >20 EPCs would indicate a wound age of 7–12 days. Taken together, our observations indicate the detection of EPCs would be useful for wound age determination.

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Acknowledgments

This study was financially supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A), Young Scientists (A), and Exploratory Research from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture of Japan. We sincerely thank Ms. Mariko Kawaguchi for her excellent assistance in preparing this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Forensic Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, 641-8509, Wakayama, Japan

    Yuko Ishida, Akihiko Kimura, Mizuho Nosaka, Yumi Kuninaka, Emi Shimada, Hiroki Yamamoto, Kosuke Nishiyama, Shogo Inaka & Toshikazu Kondo

  2. Department of Forensic and Social Environmental Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, 920-8640, Kanazawa, Japan

    Tatsunori Takayasu

  3. Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Munich, Nußbaumstraße 26, 80336, Munich, Germany

    Wolfgang Eisenmenger

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  1. Yuko Ishida
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Correspondence to Toshikazu Kondo.

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Ishida, Y., Kimura, A., Nosaka, M. et al. Detection of endothelial progenitor cells in human skin wounds and its application for wound age determination. Int J Legal Med 129, 1049–1054 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-015-1181-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-015-1181-7

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