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Fluid and melt inclusions in the Mesozoic Fangcheng basalt from North China Craton: implications for magma evolution and fluid/melt-peridotite reaction

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Abstract

Melt inclusions and fluid inclusions in the Fangcheng basalt were investigated to understand the magma evolution and fluid/melt-peridotite interaction. Primary silicate melt inclusions were trapped in clinopyroxene and orthopyroxene phenocrysts in the Fangcheng basalt. Three types of melt inclusions (silicate, carbonate, and sulfide) coexisting with fluid inclusions occur in clinopyroxene xenocrysts and clinopyroxene in clinopyroxenite xenoliths. In situ laser-ablation ICP-MS analyses of major and trace element compositions on individual melt inclusions suggest that the silicate melt inclusions in clinopyroxene and orthopyroxene phenocrysts were trapped from the same basaltic magma. The decoupling of major and trace elements in the melt inclusions indicates that the magma evolution was controlled by melt crystallization and contamination from entrapped ultramafic xenoliths. Trace element patterns of melt inclusions are similar to those of the average crust of North China Craton and Yangtze Craton, suggesting a considerable crustal contribution to the magma source. Calculated parental melt of the Fangcheng basalt has features of low MgO (5.96 wt%), high Al2O3 (16.81 wt%), Sr (1,670 ppm), Y (>35 ppm), and high Sr/Y (>40), implying that subducted crustal material was involved in the genesis of the Fangcheng basalt. The coexisting fluid and melt inclusions in clinopyroxene xenocrysts and in clinopyroxene of xenoliths record a rare melt-peridotite reaction, that is olivine + carbonatitic melt1 (rich in Ca) = clinopyroxene + melt2 ± CO2. The produced melt2 is enriched in LREE and CO2 and may fertilize the mantle significantly, which we consider to be the cause for the rapid replacement of lithospheric mantle during the Mesozoic in the region.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Profs. Shuguang Li and Xiaoyong Yang for assistance during field work. We are grateful to Dr. Fangzhen Teng for constructive comments and English proofreading at an early stage of the manuscript, and Dr. John Hora for the final English polishing. We acknowledge constructive reviews by Drs. Alfons van den Kerkhof, Hongfu Zhang and one anonymous reviewer, and editorial handing by Prof. Hoefs. This study was financially supported by the Chinese grants NSFC90814008, 2009CB825002, NSFC40921002, KZCX1-YW-15-3, Anhui 2012-k-04, and the Hundred Talent Program of the CAS to YX.

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  1. CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China

    He Sun, Yilin Xiao, Zhenhui Hou & Yangyang Wang

  2. Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204-5007, USA

    Yongjun Gao

  3. MOE Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals, School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China

    Jianqing Lai

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  1. He Sun
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Sun, H., Xiao, Y., Gao, Y. et al. Fluid and melt inclusions in the Mesozoic Fangcheng basalt from North China Craton: implications for magma evolution and fluid/melt-peridotite reaction. Contrib Mineral Petrol 165, 885–901 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-012-0840-7

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