Abstract
The purpose of this study is to determine if surgical approach to the inner ear is feasible without generating a hearing loss in an animal model. Five Macaca fascicularis were used as experimental animals and followed up for 27 months. Mastoidectomy, posterior tympanotomy and promontorial cochleostomy were performed on four specimens and one specimen was kept as control animal. Before and after drilling and exposing the endosteal layer and the membranous labyrinth, otoacustic emissions (dPOAE) and auditory brainstem responses (ABR) were used to test hearing. In vivo experimental studies prove it is reliable to expose the membranous labyrinth without causing hearing loss. dPOAE were present after 3, 6, 12, 24 and 26 months of follow-up. Regarding the ABR results from the four M. fascicularis in which a cochleostomy has been carried out, auditory thresholds are within the 20–30 dB interval at 27 months of follow-up. Experimental studies support clinical experiences indicating it is feasible to surgically approach the membranous labyrinth of the cochlea without damaging its hearing function.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Huttenbrink KB (1991) Cochlear damage caused by middle ear surgeries. Laryngorhinootologie 70:66–71
Juiz JM, Rueda J, Merchan JA (1988) Reversible damage to the nerve fibres in the organ of Corti after surgical opening of the cochlea in the rat. Acta Otolaryngol 106:29–33
Pérez N, Cervera-Paz J, Quesada J, García-Tapia R (1998) Dissimilarities in auditory and vestibular function in Menière’s disease. In: Ars B (ed) Inner ear partition. Kugler Publications. The Hague, Netherlands, pp 51–65
Cervera-Paz FJ, Linthicum F, Manrique MJ, Perez N (2004) Morphometry of the human cochlear wall and implications for cochlear surgery. Acta Otolaryngol 124:1124–1130
Hodges AV, Schloffman J, Balkany T (1997) Conservation of residual hearing with cochlear implantation. Am J Otol 18(2):179–183
Shin YJ, Deguine O, Laborde ML, Fraysse B (1997) Conservation of l’audition residuelle apres implantation cochleaire. Rev Laryngol Otol Rhinol (Bord) 118(4):233–238
Richter Aschendorff A, Lohnstein P, Husstedt H, Nagursky H, Laszig R (2001) The nucleus contour electrode array: a radiological and histological study. Laryngoscope 111:508–514
Boleas-Aguirre MS, Perez N, Cervera-Paz FJ, Manrique MJ (2005) Efecto acústico inmediato de la fístula coclear en cobaya. Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp 56:233–239
Manrique MJ, Savall J, Cervera-Paz FJ, Rey J, Der C, Echeverría M, Ares M (2007) Atraumatic surgical approach to the cochlea with a micromanipualtor. Acta Otolaryngol 127:122–131
Shera CA, Bergerin C, Kalluri R, McLaughlin M, Mechelet P, Van der Heijden M, Joris P (2011) Otoacustic estimates of cochlear tuning: testing predictions in macaque. AIP Conf Proc doi:10.1063/1.3658099
Panadero A, Sainz-Sapena N, Cervera-Paz FJ, Manrique MJ (2000) General intubation anesthesia in primates for experimental otoneurologic surgery. Rev Med Univ Navarra 44(4):128
Alegre M, Gurtubay IG, Iriarte J, Ciordia E, Manrique M, Artieda J (2001) Brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) in the cynomolgus macaque monkey. Hear Res 151:115–120
Lonsbury-Martin BL, McCoy MF, Martin GK (1993) The clinical testing of distortion product otoacustic emissions. Ear Hear 14:11–22
Wysocki J (2009) Topographical anatomy and morphometry of the temporal bone of the macaque. Folia Morhphol 68(1):13–22
Hawkins JE, Johnsson LG, Stebbins WC, Moody DB, Coombs SL (1976) Hearing loss and cochlear pathology in monkeys after noise exposure. Acta Otolaryngol 81:337–343
Siegel JH, Kim DO (1982) Efferent neural control of cochlear mechanics? Olivocochlear bundle stimulation affects cochlear biomechanical nonlinearity. Hear Res 6:171–182
Park JY, Clark WW, Coticchia JM, Esselman GH, Fredrickson JM (1995) Distortion product otoacustic emissions in the rhesus (Macaca mulatta) monkey ears: normative findings. Hear Res 86/1,2:147–162
Martin GK, Lonsbury-Martin BL, Probst R, Coats AC (1988) Spontaneous otoacoustic emissions in a nonhuman primate I: basic features and relations to other emissions. Hear Res 33:49–68
Lonsbury-Martin BL, Whitehead ML, Martin GK (1993) Distortion-product otoacustic emissions in normal and impaired ears: insight into generation processes. Prog Brain Res 97:77–90
Moody DB, Stebbins WC, Hawkins JE, Johnsson LG (1978) Hearing loss and cochlear pathology in the monkey (macaca) following exposure to high levels of noise. Arch Oto-Rhino-Laryng 220:47–72
Stebbins WC, Pearson RD, Moody DB (1970) Hearing in the monkey (macaca): absolute and differential sensitivity. J Acoust Soc Am 47(1A):67
Pau H, Just T, Bornitz M, Lasurashvilli N, Zahnert T (2007) Noise exposure of the inner ear during drilling a cochleostomy for cochlear implantation. Laryngoscope 117:535–540
Aschendorff A, Kromeier J, Klenzner T, Laszig R (2007) Quality control after insertion of the nucleus contour advance electrode in adults. Ear Hear 28(2):75–79
Staecher H, Jolly C, Garnham C (2010) Cochlear implantation: an opportunity for drug development. Drug Discov Today 15:314–321
Takumida M, Anniko M (2005) Radical scavengers: a remedy for presbyacusis. A pilot study. Acta Oto-Laryngologica 125:1290–1295
Parker M, Corliss D, Gray B, Anderson J, Bobbin R, Snyder E, Cotanche D (2007) Neural stem cells injected into the sound-damaged cochlea migrate throughout the cochlea and express markers of hair cells, supporting cells, and spiral ganglion cells. Hear Res 232:29–43
Acknowledgments
This research was supported by the University of Navarra. The authors would like to acknowledge the excellent specimen preparation of Maria Antonia, Yolanda y Mercedes, Technicians of the ENT Lab at the University of Navarra Medical School.
Conflict of interests
The authors declare that they do not have any conflict of interests.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Manrique, R., Picciafuoco, S.E., Cervera-Paz, F.J. et al. Promontorial cochleostomy in nonhuman primates. Is it atraumatic?. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 270, 45–52 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-011-1909-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-011-1909-z