Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Microsatellite analysis of genotype distribution patterns of Candida albicans vulvovaginal candidiasis in Nanjing, China and its association with pregnancy, age and clinical presentation

  • General Gynecology
  • Published:
Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

To characterize the genotype distribution pattern of Candida albicans associated with vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) in Nanjing, China by microsatellite genotyping.

Methods

A questionnaire was completed by each patient diagnosed with VVC. A total of 208 independent C. albicans was isolated from 208 patients. Microsatellite genotyping characterized the genotype distribution by analysis of the CAI locus marker.

Results

PCR of CAI fragments showed the three major genotypes contained 30:45, 21:21 and 32:46 alleles among the 51 genotypes detected, accounting for 29.3, 13.0 and 12.0 % of 208 clinical isolates. Genotype distributions had a similar pattern among different clinical presentations (P = 0.219). In both groups of the (21–30) and (31–40) years, 30:45 was the most frequent genotype allele detected. In the (21–30) year females, 16.5 % of the isolated strains had the genotype 21:21, while the same genotype in the group of (31–40) years was 6.9 %. Genotype distributions were significant difference between the pregnant and non-pregnant women (P < 0.001). 30:45 was detected only one in the 23 pregnant women.

Conclusions

The results indicated a unique genotype distribution of C. albicans associated with VVC in Nanjing, eastern China and a different distribution pattern was also detected in pregnant women compared to non-pregnant women.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Yang YL (2003) Virulence factors of Candida species. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 36:223–228

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Sobel JD (2007) Vulvovaginal candidosis. Lancet 369:1961–1971

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Mahmoudi Rad M, Zafarghandi S, Abbasabadi B et al (2011) The epidemiology of Candida species associated with vulvovaginal candidiasis in an Iranian patient population. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 155:199–203

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Fidel PL Jr (2004) History and new insights into host defense against vaginal candidiasis. Trends Microbiol 12:220–227

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Sobel JD, Wiesenfeld HC, Martens M et al (2004) Maintenance fluconazole therapy for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis. N Engl J Med 351:876–883

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Li J, Fan SR, Liu XP et al (2008) Biased genotype distributions of Candida albicans strains associated with vulvovaginal candidosis and candidal balanoposthitis in China. Clin Infect Dis 47:1119–1125

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Li J, Bai FY (2007) Single-strand conformation polymorphism of microsatellite for rapid strain typing of Candida albicans. Med Mycol 45:629–635

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Bougnoux ME, Tavanti A, Bouchier C et al (2003) Collaborative consensus for optimized multilocus sequence typing of Candida albicans. J Clin Microbiol 41:5265–5266

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  9. Renshaw MA, Giresi M, Adams JO (2013) Microsatellite fragment analysis using the ABI PRISM (R) 377 DNA sequencer. Methods Mol Biol 1006:181–196

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Bretagne S, Costa JM, Besmond C, Carsique R, Calderone R (1997) Microsatellite polymorphism in the promoter sequence of the elongation factor 3 gene of Candida albicans as the basis for a typing system. J Clin Microbiol 35:1777–1780

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  11. Botterel F, Desterke C, Costa C et al (2001) Analysis of microsatellite markers of Candida albicans used for rapid typing. J Clin Microbiol 39:4076–4081

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  12. Sampaio P, Gusmao L, Alves C et al (2003) Highly polymorphic microsatellite for identification of Candida albicans strains. J Clin Microbiol 41:552–557

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  13. Hunter PR, Gaston MA (1988) Numerical index of the discriminatory ability of typing systems. J Clin Microbiol 26:2465–2466

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  14. Garcia-Hermoso D, Cabaret O, Lecellier G et al (2007) Comparison of microsatellite length polymorphism and multilocus sequence typing for DNA-Based typing of Candida albicans. J Clin Microbiol 45:3958–3963

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  15. Nawrot U, Pajaczkowska M, Wlodarczyk K et al (2010) rDNA-based genotyping of clinical isolates of Candida albicans. Pol J Microbiol 59:213–216

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Amouri I, Sellami H, Abbes S et al (2012) Microsatellite analysis of Candida isolates from recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis. J Med Microbiol 61:1091–1096

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Ge SH, Xie J, Xu J et al (2012) Prevalence of specific and phylogenetically closely related genotypes in the population of Candida albicans associated with genital candidiasis in China. Fungal Genet Biol 49:86–93

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Sampaio P, Gusmao L, Correia A et al (2005) New microsatellite multiplex PCR for Candida albicans strain typing reveals microevolutionary changes. J Clin Microbiol 43:3869–3876

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  19. Chavez-Galarza J, Pais C, Sampaio P (2010) Microsatellite typing identifies the major clades of the human pathogen Candida albicans. Infect Genet Evol 10:697–702

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Shimizu K, Hattori H, Adachi H et al (2011) Microsatellite-based genotyping of Candida albicans isolated from patients with superficial candidiasis. Med Mycol 52:129–138

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Takagi Y, Hattori H, Adachi H et al (2011) Genotypes of Candida albicans involved in development of candidiasis and their distribution in oral cavity of non-candidiasis individuals. Med Mycol 52:315–324

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Lian C, Zhao J, Zhang Z et al (2004) Genotype of Candida species associated with different conditions of vulvovaginal candidosis. Mycoses 47:495–502

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Robinson SC, Nicholas WC, Lee DT et al (1967) The relationship of pregnancy, vaginal candidiasis and glucose metabolism. CMAJ 96:583–584

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Aagaard K, Riehle K, Ma J et al (2012) A metagenomic approach to characterization of the vaginal microbiome signature in pregnancy. PLoS One 7:e36466

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  25. Kalkanci A, Guzel AB, Khalil II et al (2012) Yeast vaginitis during pregnancy: susceptibility testing of 13 antifungal drugs and boric acid and the detection of four virulence factors. Med Mycol 50:585–593

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Guzel AB, Dogen A, Aydin M et al (2013) Genotyping reveals no link between Candida albicans genotype and vaginitis severity in Turkish women. Mycopathologia 175:287–294

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peaking Union Medical College and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, No 12 Jiangwangmiao St., Nanjing, 210042, China

    Caixia Li, Le Wang, Yiping Ge, Huan Mei, Guixia Lv & Weida Liu

  2. Department of Gynecology, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China

    Hua Tong & Liangyu Chen

Authors
  1. Caixia Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Le Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Hua Tong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Yiping Ge
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Huan Mei
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Liangyu Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Guixia Lv
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Weida Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Weida Liu.

Ethics declarations

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that we do not have a financial relationship with the organization that sponsored the research. We have had full control of all primary data and we agree to allow the Journal to review their data if requested.

Funding

This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81071332) and National key Basic Research Program of China (2013CB531605).

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the local institutional review board at Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

Informed consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Li, C., Wang, L., Tong, H. et al. Microsatellite analysis of genotype distribution patterns of Candida albicans vulvovaginal candidiasis in Nanjing, China and its association with pregnancy, age and clinical presentation. Arch Gynecol Obstet 294, 291–297 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-016-4029-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-016-4029-6

Keywords

Search

Navigation