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Prevalence of human papillomavirus infection in pregnant versus non-pregnant women in Brazil

  • General Gynecology
  • Published:
Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

To investigate the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in cervical samples of pregnant and non-pregnant women in South-Brazil.

Methods

A prospective study of 91 pregnant and 92 non-pregnant women with no previous history of cervical dysplasia or cancer was carried out. Cervical samples for HPV testing and cytology were collected in each trimester of pregnancy and in the puerperium for pregnant women and at matched intervals for the non-pregnant women. All samples were analyzed through PCR with consensus primers GP5+/GP6+. Genotyping was performed using specific primers. To control for confounding factors, the analysis of multivariate logistic regression was applied. The measure of odds ratio (OR) and the 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI) were used. The level of statistical significance was set at 5 % (P ≤ 0.05).

Results

HPV DNA was detected in 23/91 (25.3 %) cervical samples from the pregnant women and in 12/92 (13 %) cervical samples from non-pregnant women (P = 0.035). There was a significant association among cervical HPV infection and young age, number of lifetime sexual partners, and the presence of abnormal cervical cytology. HPV16 and HPV18 were the viral types more frequently detected. Out of the 23 HPV-positive pregnant women, 17 (73.9 %) had normal cervical cytology.

Conclusion

Our results suggest a higher prevalence of HPV infection in pregnant vs. non-pregnant women. This finding may be related to the relative immunosuppression observed in pregnant women, outlining the importance of the appropriate monitoring of the viral infection in this specific population.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the medical students Mauren Fronckowiak Salis and Razyane Audibert Silveira by the assistance in the Laboratory of Molecular Biology.

Conflict of interest

We declare that we have no conflicts of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of Federal University of Health Sciences (UFCSPA)/Santa Casa de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

    Mila M. B. P. Salcedo, Suzana A. Pessini, Patricia El Beitune & Gustavo Py Gomes da Silveira

  2. Laboratory of Molecular Biology of UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

    Andrea P. S. Damin, Grasiela Agnes & Claudio O. P. Alexandre

  3. Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA

    Kathleen M. Schmeler

  4. Rua Prof. Annes Dias, 295, 1° Andar, CEP-90020-090, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

    Mila M. B. P. Salcedo

Authors
  1. Mila M. B. P. Salcedo
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  2. Andrea P. S. Damin
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  3. Grasiela Agnes
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  4. Suzana A. Pessini
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  5. Patricia El Beitune
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  6. Claudio O. P. Alexandre
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  7. Kathleen M. Schmeler
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  8. Gustavo Py Gomes da Silveira
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mila M. B. P. Salcedo.

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Salcedo, M.M.B.P., Damin, A.P.S., Agnes, G. et al. Prevalence of human papillomavirus infection in pregnant versus non-pregnant women in Brazil. Arch Gynecol Obstet 292, 1273–1278 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-015-3752-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-015-3752-8

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