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Influence of climatic factors on the flight activity of the stingless bee Partamona orizabaensis and its competition behavior at food sources

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Abstract

Stingless bees have evolved several ways to share contested resources to ensure the coexistence between different species. Partamona orizabaensis quickly exploits food sources by fast and direct recruitment that does not rely on scent marks deposited on substrates. In this study we show that the flight activity of P. orizabaensis is influenced by weather conditions, with higher activity during periods of colder temperatures, higher relative humidity and even during rainfall. We showed that the outcome of aggression experiments between the non-aggressive species P. orizabaensis and its aggressive competitor Trigona fuscipennis is influenced by the number of bees that arrive early after food source discovery. Therefore, the increased activity during less favorable weather conditions and the fast recruitment of nestmates following the discovery of a food source, as observed for P. orizabaensis, may be adaptations that evolved to coexist even with more aggressive and dominant species of stingless bees, with which P. orizabaensis has to compete for resources.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Andrea Wirmer for her help with the statistical analyses and Michael Hrncir and two anonymous reviewers for valuable suggestions on earlier versions of this paper. We want to thank the staff of the Tropenstation La Gamba for their technical support, Javier Guevara Sequeira from MINAE Costa Rica for the research permit. The study was supported by a PROMOS grant from the DAAD to E.M.K.

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Correspondence to Eva M. Keppner.

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Keppner, E.M., Jarau, S. Influence of climatic factors on the flight activity of the stingless bee Partamona orizabaensis and its competition behavior at food sources. J Comp Physiol A 202, 691–699 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00359-016-1112-1

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