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Role of Exogenous Nitric Oxide in Alleviating Iron Deficiency Stress of Peanut Seedlings (Arachis hypogaea L.)

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Abstract

A greenhouse hydroponic experiment was performed to evaluate how peanut seedlings (Arachis hypogaea L.) responded to iron (Fe) deficiency stress in the presence of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a nitric oxide (NO) donor. The results showed that Fe deficiency inhibited peanut plant growth, decreased chlorophyll and active Fe concentrations, and dramatically disturbed ion balance. The addition of 50, 100, 250, and 500 µM SNP, significantly promoted the absorption of Fe in the cell wall, cell organelles, and soluble fractions, increased the concentrations of active Fe and chlorophyll in peanut plants, and alleviated the excess absorption of manganese (Mn) and copper (Cu) induced by Fe deficiency. In addition, SNP also significantly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase, which is beneficial to inhibit the accumulation of malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species. Addition of 250 µM SNP had the most significant alleviating effect against Fe-deficiency stress, and after 15 days of treatment, the plants with the 250 µM SNP treatment achieved comparable NO levels with those grown under optimal nutrition conditions. However, the effects of SNP were reversed by addition of hemoglobin (Hb, a NO scavenger). These results suggest that NO released from SNP decomposition was responsible for the effect of SNP-induced alleviation on Fe deficiency.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank English Lecturer Mr. Stuart Craig MA (England, Taishan University, China), Dr Chengliang Li (RWTH Aachen University, Germany), and lecturer Xiujuan Wang (College of Foreign Languages, Shandong Agricultural University) for their critical reading and revision of the manuscript. The authors extend their appreciation to Pingping Yang (College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, China) for her assistance in sample analysis. Special acknowledgments are also given to the editors and reviewers. This research was funded by Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (ZR2013CM003), the Chinese National Basic Research Program (2015CB150400), and a grant from the Higher Educational Science and Technology Bureau of Shandong Province (J14LF08).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018, Shandong, China

    Jing Kong, Yuanjie Dong, Yiling Song, Xiaoying Bai, Xianyi Tian, Linlin Xu & Shuang Liu

  2. Indian River Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, 2199 S. Rock Road, Fort Pierce, FL, 34945, USA

    Zhenli He

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  1. Jing Kong
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  2. Yuanjie Dong
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  3. Yiling Song
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Correspondence to Yuanjie Dong.

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Kong, J., Dong, Y., Song, Y. et al. Role of Exogenous Nitric Oxide in Alleviating Iron Deficiency Stress of Peanut Seedlings (Arachis hypogaea L.). J Plant Growth Regul 35, 31–43 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-015-9504-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-015-9504-y

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