Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Efficient detection and control of the carrier-envelope offset frequency in a self-referencing optical frequency synthesizer

  • Published:
Applied Physics B Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

An efficient means of isolating and detecting the carrier-envelope offset frequency signal in an optical frequency synthesizer is demonstrated. The technique uses spliced and connectorized fiber for comb broadening, a periodically poled KTP crystal for doubling 1064-nm light in the supercontinuum, and a laser-line filter at 532 nm for comb-section selection. The technique produces an offset frequency with a 40-dB signal-to-noise ratio in a resolution bandwidth of 100 kHz with as little as 55 GW/cm2 of peak pulse intensity inside the fiber. The strong signal-to-noise ratio helps realize an offset frequency signal with frequency instability of 1 mHz at 1 s when controlled through feedback to the optical power driving the femtosecond laser.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. J. Reichert, R. Holzwarth, T. Udem, T.W. Hänsch: Opt. Commun. 172, 59 (1999)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  2. S.A. Diddams, D.J. Jones, J. Ye, S.T. Cundiff, J.L. Hall, J. K. Ranka, R.S. Windeler, R. Holzworth, T. Udem, T.W. Hänsch: Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 5102 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  3. J. Ye, T.H. Yoon, J.L. Hall, A.A. Madej, J.E. Bernard, K.J. Siemsen, L. Marmet, J.-M. Chartier, A. Chartier: Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 3797 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  4. R. Holzwarth, T. Udem, T.W. Hänsch, J.C. Knight, W.J. Wadsworth, P.St.J. Russell: Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 2264 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. L. Hollberg, C.W. Oates, E.A. Curtis, E.N. Ivanov, S.A. Diddams, T. Udem, H.G. Robinson, J.C. Bergquist, R.J. Rafac, W.M. Itano, R.E. Drullinger, D.J. Wineland: IEEE J. Quantum Electron. QE-37, 1502 (2001)

  6. K.R. Vogel, S.A Diddams, C.W. Oates, E.A. Curtis, R.J. Rafac, W.M. Itano, J.C. Bergquist, R.W. Fox, W.D. Lee, J.S. Welss, L. Hollberg: Opt. Lett. 26, 102 (2001)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  7. J. Ye, L.-S. Ma, J.L. Hall: Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 270801 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. G.D. Rovera, F. Ducos, J.-J. Zondy, O. Acef, J.-P. Wallerand, J.C. Knight, P.St.J. Russell: Meas. Sci. Technol. 13, 918 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  9. J. Stenger, H. Schnatz, C. Tamm, H.R. Telle: Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 073601 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. S.A. Diddams, L. Hollberg, L.S. Ma, L. Robertsson: Opt. Lett. 27, 58 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  11. S. Bize, S.A. Diddams, U. Tanaka, C.E. Tanner, W.H. Oskay, R.E. Drullinger, T.E. Parker, T.P. Heavner, S.R. Jefferts, L. Hollberg, W.M. Itano, J.C. Bergquist: Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 1 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. H.S. Margolis, G. Huang, G.P. Barwood, S.N. Lea, H.A. Klein, W.R.C. Rowley, P. Gill: Phys. Rev. A 67, 032501 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  13. L.-S. Ma, L. Robertsson, S. Picard, J.-M. Chartier, H. Karlsson, E. Prieto, R.R. Windeler: IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 52, 232 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. T. Udem, S.A. Diddams, K.R. Vogel, C.W. Oates, E.A. Curtis, W.D. Lee, W.M. Itano, R.E. Drullinger, J.C. Berquist, L. Hollberg: Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 4996 (2001)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  15. D.J. Jones, S.A. Diddams, J.K. Ranka, A. Stentz, R.S. Windeler, J.L. Hall, S.T. Cundiff: Science 288, 635 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  16. R. Holzwarth, M. Zimmermann, T. Udem, T.W. Hänsch: IEEE J. Quantum Electron. QE-37, 1493 (2001)

  17. J.L. Hall, J. Ye, S.A. Diddams, L.-S. Ma, S.T. Cundiff, D.J. Jones: IEEE J. Quantum Electron. QE-37, 1482 (2001)

  18. R. Holzwarth, M. Zimmermann, T. Udem, T.W. Hänsch, P. Russbüldt, K. Gäbel, R. Poprawe, J.C. Knight, W.J. Wadsworth, P.St.J. Russell: Opt. Lett. 26, 1376 (2001)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  19. T. Udem, R. Holzwarth, T.W. Hänsch: Nature 416, 233 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  20. J. Ye, J.L. Hall, S.A. Diddams: Opt. Lett. 25, 1675 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  21. A.M. Zheltikov: Laser Phys. 12, 878 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  22. T.M. Ramond, S.A. Diddams, L. Hollberg, A. Bartels: Opt. Lett. 27, 1842 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  23. A. Bartels, S.A. Diddams, T.M. Ramond, L. Hollberg: Opt. Lett. 28(8), 663 (2003)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  24. A. Bartels, C.W. Oates, L. Hollberg, S.A. Diddams: Opt. Lett. (2004) (in press)

  25. E.K. Wong: Cryogenic sapphire cavity stabilised Nd : YAG lasers with frequency stability at 1 Hz level for integration times above 500 s. (Ph.D. thesis, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA (1999)

  26. S. Chang, A.G. Mann, A.N. Luiten: Electron. Lett. 36, 480 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. A. Bartels, T. Dekorsy, H. Kurz: Opt. Lett. 24, 996 (1999)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  28. J.K. Ranka, R.S. Windeler, A.J. Stentz: Opt. Lett. 25, 796 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  29. J.K. Ranka, R.S. Windeler, A.J. Stentz: Opt. Lett. 25, 25 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  30. A.V. Husakou, J. Herrmann: J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 19, 2171 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  31. G. Genty, M. Lehtonen, H. Ludvigsen, J. Broeng, M. Kaivola: Opt. Express 10, 1083 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  32. J.H.V. Price, W. Belardi, T.M. Monro, A. Malinowski, A. Piper, D.J. Richardson: Opt. Express 10, 382 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  33. A. Ortigosa-Blanch, J.C. Knight, P.St.J. Russell: J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 19, 2567 (2002)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  34. M. Lehtonen, G. Genty, H. Ludvigsen: Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 2197 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  35. J.M. Dudley, S. Coen: Opt. Lett. 27, 1180 (2002)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  36. L. Tartara, I. Cristiani, V. Degiorgio: Appl. Phys. B 77, 307 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  37. G. Rosenman, A. Skliar, D. Eger, M. Oron, M. Katz: Appl. Phys. Lett. 73, 3650 (1998)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  38. A.V. Smith: SNLO Nonlinear Optics Albuquerque, NM. http://www.sandia.gov/(2000)

  39. C.H. Shin, M. Ohtsu: IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 2, 297 (1990)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  40. J.J. McFerran, A.N. Luiten: Opt. Quantum Electron. 34, 841 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. T. Stace, A.N. Luiten, R.P. Kovacich: Meas. Sci. Technol. 9, 1635 (1998)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  42. Phase-locked fo PSD is reported in S.A. Diddams et al.: IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 9, 1072 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. E.N. Ivanov, S.A. Diddams, L. Hollberg: IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 9, 1059 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Frequency Standards and Metrology Group, School of Physics, University of Western Australia, Fairway entrance 2, Nedlands, 6009, Australia

    J.J. McFerran, M. Marić & A.N. Luiten

Authors
  1. J.J. McFerran
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. M. Marić
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. A.N. Luiten
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to J.J. McFerran.

Additional information

PACS

06.30.Ft; 06.20.Fn; 42.62.-b; 42.60.-v

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

McFerran, J., Marić, M. & Luiten , A. Efficient detection and control of the carrier-envelope offset frequency in a self-referencing optical frequency synthesizer. Appl. Phys. B 79, 39–44 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-004-1502-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-004-1502-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation