Abstract
Soft X-ray absorption (XAS) and emission (XES) spectroscopies were applied to determine valence states of manganese ions in nanostructured powder of half-doped \(\hbox {La}_{0.5}\hbox {Ca}_{0.5}\hbox {MnO}_{3}\) manganite obtained by milling in a ball mill. XAS spectra were measured both in surface-sensitivity total electron-yield and in bulk-sensitivity total fluorescence-yield modes. O K\(_{\upalpha }\) XES and O 1s XAS spectra characterized the occupied and unoccupied partial O 2p densities of states are compared with band-structure calculations made using the TB-LMTO-ASA codes. Experimental Mn 2p, Ca 2p, and La 3\(d\) XAS spectra are compared with results of crystal field atomic multiplet calculations. For the nanostructured system of \(\hbox {La}_{0.5}\hbox {Ca}_{0.5}\hbox {MnO}_{3}\), concentrations of Mn\(^{4+}\) ions are found to be increased with increasing the time of milling.
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Acknowledgments
We thank Dr. S. V. Telegin for assistance in attestation of the samples. We are grateful to C. Såthe for technical supports at MAX-II. This work was supported by the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Project 12-M-23-2032) and the bilateral Program “Russian–German Laboratory at BESSY”.
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Galakhov, V.R., Mesilov, V.V., Shamin, S.N. et al. X-ray spectra and valence states of cations in nanostructured half-doped \(\hbox {La}_{0.5}\hbox {Ca}_{0.5}\hbox {MnO}_{3}\) manganite. Appl. Phys. A 118, 649–654 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-014-8774-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-014-8774-8