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An integrated approach to relate Holocene climatic, hydrological, morphological and vegetation changes in the southeastern Amazon region

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Abstract

The geomorphological analysis of the river Tocantins alluvial area was carried out by remote sensing techniques, jointly with studies of sedimentary facies, mineralogy and geochemistry, pollen and spores, C and N isotopes data and radiocarbon dating of a sediment core from a floodplain lake, near the river Tocantins in the southeastern Amazon region. The aim was to identify and discuss the relationship between the main geomorphological processes and climatic factors, as well as their influence on vegetation patterns. The data indicate three phases of sediment and organic matter accumulation associated with vegetation changes during the Holocene: in Phase 1 (>7760 ± 80 cal yrs b.p.), the channel was gradually being disconnected from its main course, accumulating organic matter from terrestrial woody plants; in Phase 2 (>7760 ± 80 to 5145 ± 175 cal yrs b.p.), the very low energy flows allowed the deposition of autochthonous organic mud from suspension. Herbaceous vegetation and a Mauritia palm-swamp dominated the study area, followed by an increase in the contribution of freshwater dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to the lake; Phase 3 (5145 ± 175 cal yrs b.p. until present) records the expansion of ferns and arboreal plants, and greater freshwater organic matter input into the lake with anoxic water conditions. The development of the studied lake occurred by geomorphological changes and the filling process of an abandoned channel according to hydrodynamics and vegetation changes which were probably influenced by climatic changes during the Holocene.

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Acknowledgments

This work was funded by CNPq (Project 562398/2008-2). The second authors hold a scholarship from CNPq (Processes 302943/2008-0). The authors thank the members of the Laboratório de Dinâmica Costeira, Universidade Federal do Pará, the Laboratório Carbono 14, Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo-USP, and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) for support with fieldwork and radiocarbon dating.

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  1. Instituto Tecnológico Vale Desenvolvimento Sustentável – ITV DS, Rua Boa Ventura da Silva 955, 3º andar (Umarizal), Belém, PA, 66055-090, Brazil

    José Tasso Felix Guimarães

  2. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geologia e Geoquímica, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Rua Augusto Correa 01, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil

    Marcelo Cancela Lisboa Cohen, Marlon Carlos França, Igor Charles Castor Alves & Clarisse Beltrão Smith

  3. Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura (CENA), Piracicaba, SP, 13400-000, Brazil

    Luiz Carlos Ruiz Pessenda

  4. Department of Palynology and Climate Dynamics, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Göttingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073, Göttingen, Germany

    Hermann Behling

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  1. José Tasso Felix Guimarães
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Guimarães, J.T.F., Cohen, M.C.L., França, M.C. et al. An integrated approach to relate Holocene climatic, hydrological, morphological and vegetation changes in the southeastern Amazon region. Veget Hist Archaeobot 22, 185–198 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-012-0374-y

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