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Diversity, ecology and biogeography of the freshwater diatom communities from Ulu Peninsula (James Ross Island, NE Antarctic Peninsula)

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Abstract

The diversity, ecology and biogeography of diatoms in lakes, seepage areas and streams on the Ulu Peninsula, a large ice-free area in the northern part of James Ross Island (Weddell Sea), were studied. A diverse diatom flora of 123 taxa was observed, dominated by several Nitzschia taxa, Psammothidium papilio, Eolimna jamesrossensis, Fragilaria capucina and Fistulifera saprophila. The results from the similarity and diversity analysis suggest James Ross Island to be biogeographically positioned within the Maritime Antarctic region, yet with some affinities with the flora of Continental Antarctica, as shown by the presence of Luticola gaussii and Achnanthes taylorensis. Based on our data, James Ross Island can thus be located close to the boundary of the two main Antarctic biogeographical regions. Diatom communities present in streams and seepage areas could be clearly distinguished from those in lakes, the latter being much more species rich. Based on the multivariate analysis, conductivity and nutrients were selected as the two main environmental factors determining the diatom composition in the Ulu Peninsula lakes. The revised taxonomy of the Antarctic diatom flora induced the construction of a transfer function for water conductivity in the studied lakes that can be applied in further palaeoecological studies.

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Acknowledgments

This study has been supported by a long-term research development project no. RVO 67985939 and the Ministry of EducationYouth and Sports of the Czech Republic project CzechPolar LM2010009. Part of the research was funded by the following projects: MSMT KONTAKT ME 945 and ME 934. Additional funding was provided by the FWO project G.0533.07. The authors would also like to thank to the scientific infrastructure of the Czech J.G. Mendel Antarctic Station and its crew for their support and help in the field. Mrs. K. Kopalová benefited from an Erasmus grant during her stay in Belgium and GA UK grant nr. 394211. Daniel Nývlt’s work on this paper was undertaken within the Czech Geological Survey project 335200: Holocene palaeoclimatic and palaeoenvironmental changes of the Northern Antarctic Peninsula and High Arctic regions based on multi-proxy records of lake sediments. Three anonymous referees are thanked for their valuable comments that greatly improved this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Viničná 7, 12844, Prague 2, Czech Republic

    Kateřina Kopalová & Linda Nedbalová

  2. Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Section of Plant Ecology, Dukelská 135, 37982, Třeboň, Czech Republic

    Kateřina Kopalová, Linda Nedbalová & Josef Elster

  3. Czech Geological Survey, Brno branch, Leitnerova 22, 65869, Brno, Czech Republic

    Daniel Nývlt

  4. Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Na Zlaté stoce 1, 37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic

    Josef Elster

  5. Department of Bryophyta and Thallophyta, National Botanic Garden of Belgium, Domein van Bouchout, 1860, Meise, Belgium

    Bart Van de Vijver

  6. Department of Biology, ECOBE, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium

    Bart Van de Vijver

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  1. Kateřina Kopalová
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Correspondence to Kateřina Kopalová.

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Kopalová, K., Nedbalová, L., Nývlt, D. et al. Diversity, ecology and biogeography of the freshwater diatom communities from Ulu Peninsula (James Ross Island, NE Antarctic Peninsula). Polar Biol 36, 933–948 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-013-1317-5

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