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Heading date gene, dth3 controlled late flowering in O. Glaberrima Steud. by down-regulating Ehd1

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Abstract

Heading date in rice is an important agronomic trait controlled by several genes. In this study, flowering time of variety Dianjingyou 1 (DJY1) was earlier than a near-isogenic line (named NIL) carried chromosome segment from African rice on chromosome 3S, when grown in both long-day (LD) and short-day (SD) conditions. By analyzing a large F2 population from NIL × DJY1, the locus DTH3 (QTL for days to heading on chromosome 3) controlling early heading date in DJY1 was fine mapped to a 64-kb segment which contained only one annotated gene, a MIKC-type MADS-box protein. We detected a 6-bp deletion and a single base substitution in the C-domain by sequencing DTH3 in DJY1 compared with dth3 in NIL, and overexpression of DTH3 caused early flowering in callus. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that the transcript level of dth3 in NIL was lower than that DTH3 in DJY1 in both LD and SD conditions. The Early heading date 1 (Ehd1) which promotes the RFT1, was up-regulated by DTH3 in both LD and SD conditions. Based on Indel and dCAPs marker analysis, the dth3 allele was only present in African rice accessions. A phylogenetic analysis based on microsatellite genotyping suggested that African rice had a close genetic relationship to O. rufipogon and O. latifolia, and was similar to japonica cultivars. DTH3 affected flowering time and had no significant effect on the main agronomic traits.

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Abbreviations

DJY1:

Dianjingyou 1

Ehd1 :

Early heading date 1

LD:

Long-day

MAS:

Marker-assisted selection

NILs:

Near-isogenic lines

SD:

Short-day

SSR:

Simple sequence repeat

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Acknowledgments

We thank Professor Tao Dayun, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, for kindly providing us with the Dianjingyou 1 (DJY1) and near-isogenic line (NIL). This research is supported by the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30871497), National Transform Science and Technology Program (2008ZX08001-06), Jiangsu Science and Technology Development Program (BE2009301-3), Doctor Foundation of Education Development of China (20090097110011), the earmarked fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System and Jiangsu PAPD Program.

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  1. National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China

    X. F. Bian, X. Liu, Z. G. Zhao, L. Jiang, H. Gao, Y. H. Zhang, M. Zheng, L. M. Chen, S. J. Liu & J. M. Wan

  2. Institute of Crop Science, The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Zhongguancun South Street 12, Beijing, 100081, China

    H. Q. Zhai & J. M. Wan

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  1. X. F. Bian
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  2. X. Liu
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  3. Z. G. Zhao
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Correspondence to J. M. Wan.

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Communicated by K. Chong.

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Bian, X.F., Liu, X., Zhao, Z.G. et al. Heading date gene, dth3 controlled late flowering in O. Glaberrima Steud. by down-regulating Ehd1 . Plant Cell Rep 30, 2243–2254 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-011-1129-4

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