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Relationship between cigarette smoking and hyperuricemia in middle-aged and elderly population: a cross-sectional study

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Abstract

The aim of the study was to estimate the cross-sectional association between cigarette smoking and the prevalence of hyperuricemia (HU) in the middle-aged and elderly males and females. A total of 3415 males and 2932 females were included in this study. HU was defined as SUA≥ 416 mmol/L for males and ≥360 mmol/L for females. The smoking status was classified into four categories based on daily smoking habit: (1) 0/day; (2) 1–10/day; (3) 11–20/day; and (4) >20/day. Multivariable logistic regressions were conducted to examine the aforementioned association. The prevalence of HU in the male and female sample was 25.0 and 10.0 %, respectively. In male subjects, the prevalence of HU in smokers (22.8 %) was significantly lower than that in non-smokers (26.5 %) (p = 0.016). Meanwhile, with adjustment for potential confounding factors, the prevalence of HU in smokers was still lower (OR = 0.83, 95 % CI 0.70–0.98, P = 0.033). Furthermore, a significantly inverse association between smoking status and HU was observed in the multivariable model. The multivariable-adjusted OR (95 % CI) for HU in the second, third and fourth category of smoking status was 0.84 (95 % CI 0.66–1.06), 0.90 (95 % CI 0.69–1.18) and 0.76 (95 % CI 0.58–0.99), respectively, compared with that in the first category. A clear trend (P for trend was 0.036) was observed. However, there was no significant association between cigarette smoking and HU in female subjects (P for trend was 0.739). This study indicated an inverse association between cigarette smoking and the prevalence of HU in the middle-aged and elderly male population, independent of some major confounding factors. The findings of this study expect further prospective studies to confirm the causal relationship.

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Acknowledgments

This work was funded by Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South University (2015zzts296), Hunan Provincial Innovation Foundation for Postgraduate (CX2014A005), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81201420, 81272034, 81472130), the Provincial Science Foundation of Hunan (No. 14JJ3032), the Scientific Research Project of the Development and Reform Commission of Hunan Province ([2013]1199), the Scientific Research Project of Science and Technology Office of Hunan Province (2013SK2018) and the Doctoral Scientific Fund Project of the Ministry of Education of China (20120162110036). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation for the manuscript.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, #87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China

      Tuo Yang, Yi Zhang, Chao Zeng, Liang-jun Li, Xi Xie, Yi-lun Wang, Dong-xing Xie, Hui Li, Cui Yang & Guang-hua Lei

    2. Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China

      Jie Wei

    3. Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China

      Jie Wei

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    1. Tuo Yang
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    All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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    Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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    Tuo Yang and Yi Zhang contributed equally to this article.

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    Yang, T., Zhang, Y., Wei, J. et al. Relationship between cigarette smoking and hyperuricemia in middle-aged and elderly population: a cross-sectional study. Rheumatol Int 37, 131–136 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00296-016-3574-4

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    • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00296-016-3574-4

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