Abstract
Cryopreservation of subcutaneous white adipose tissue (sWAT) avoids multiple surgeries in patients subjected to reconstructive procedure. Fat grafts were performed subcutaneously on 26 mice treated with fresh (13 mice) or cryopreserved (13 mice) human sWAT. Cytofluorometry for CD marker expression of stem cells, differentiation capability, and in vivo survival of fat grafts were evaluated. In vitro analysis evidenced that cryopreservation did not affect the stem potential of samples. In vivo MRI showed that grafts were well preserved in 13 mice treated with fresh sWAT, whereas in 13 animals treated with thawed fat, graft volumes were strongly reduced after 1 week. Ultrastructural studies performed both on fresh and thawed specimens demonstrated that grafts performed with thawed sWAT are able to store lipids more slowly with respect to grafts performed with fresh sWAT and adipocytes maintained a multilocular appearance. Collected data demonstrated that the protocol of cryopreservation could maintain the regenerative capability of the sWAT, but the rate of reabsorption after fat grafting is higher using cryopreserved sWAT. Maintaining the stem potential of sWAT after cryopreservation is a very important aspect for reconstructive and regenerative medicine. The employment of cryopreserved sWAT represents an interesting goal for surgeons. Surely there is the necessity to improve the protocol of cryopreservation.
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Abbreviations
- CPA:
-
Cryoprotective agent
- DMEM:
-
Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium
- FBS:
-
Fetal bovine serum
- 1H-MRS:
-
Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy
- MRI:
-
Magnetic resonance imaging
- MRS:
-
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy
- MSCs:
-
Mesenchymal stem cells
- PBS:
-
Phosphate buffer solution
- PLA:
-
Purified lipoaspirate
- SEM:
-
Scanning electron microscopy
- SVF:
-
Stromal vascular fraction
- sWAT:
-
Subcutaneous adipose tissue
- TEM:
-
Transmission electron microscopy
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All the authors declare that they have no conflict of interest in the manuscript drafting. Marcin Jurga, Kelly Van Wemmel, and Marijke Buvé have been employed by the Cryo-Save Company offering cryopreservation of stem cells and tissues for autologous use.
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Giamaica Conti and Marcin Jurga have contributed equally to this work.
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Conti, G., Jurga, M., Benati, D. et al. Cryopreserved Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue for Fat Graft. Aesth Plast Surg 39, 800–817 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-015-0538-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-015-0538-0