Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

3DMR osseous reconstructions of the shoulder using a gradient-echo based two-point Dixon reconstruction: a feasibility study

  • Scientific Article
  • Published:
Skeletal Radiology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Objective

To create 3DMR osseous models of the shoulder similar to 3DCT models using a gradient-echo-based two-point/Dixon sequence.

Materials and methods

CT and 3TMR examinations of 7 cadaveric shoulders were obtained. Glenoid defects were created in 4 of the cadaveric shoulders. Each MR study included an axial Dixon 3D-dual-echo-time T1W-FLASH (acquisition time of 3 min/30 s). The water-only image data from the Dixon sequence and CT data were post-processed using 3D software. The following measurements were obtained on the shoulders: surface area (SA), height/width of the glenoid and humeral head, and width of the biceps groove. The glenoid defects were measured on imaging and compared with measurements made on en face digital photographs of the glenoid fossae (reference standard). Paired t tests/ANOVA were used to assess the differences between the imaging modalities.

Results

The differences between the glenoid and humeral measurements were not statistically significant (cm): glenoid SA 0.12 ± 0.04 (p = 0.45) and glenoid width 0.13 ± 0.06 (p = 0.06) with no difference in glenoid height measurement; humeral head SA 0.07 ± 0.12 (p = 0.42), humeral head height 0.03 ± 0.06 (p = 0.42), humeral head width 0.07 ± 0.06(p = 0.18), and biceps groove width 0.02 ± 0.01 (p = 0.07). The mean/standard deviation difference between the reference standard and 3DMR measurements was 0.25 ± 0.96 %/0.30 ± 0.14 mm; 3DCT 0.25 ± 0.96 /0.75 ± 0.39 mm. There was no statistical difference between the measurements obtained on 3DMR and 3DCT (percentage, p = 0.45; mm, p = 0.20).

Conclusion

Accurate 3D osseous models of the shoulder can be produced using a 3D two-point/Dixon sequence and can be added to MR examinations with a minor increase in imaging time, used to quantify glenoid loss, and may eliminate the need for pre-surgical CT examinations.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Abel MF, Sutherland DH, Wenger DR, Mubarak SJ. Evaluation of CT scans and 3-D reformatted images for quantitative assessment of the hip. J Pediatr Orthop. 1994;14:48–53.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Beaule PE, Zaragoza E, Motamedi KD, Copelan N, Dorey FJ. Three-dimensional computed tomography of the hip in the assessment of femoroacetabular impingement. J Orthop Res. 2005;23:1286–92.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Audenaert EA, Baelde N, Huysse W, Vigneror L, Pattyn C. Development of a three-dimensional detection method of cam deformities in femoroacetabular impingement. Skeletal Radiol. 2011;40:921–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Bedi A, Dolan M, Magennis E, Lipman J, Buly R, Kelly BT. Computer-assisted modeling of osseous impingement and resection in femoroacetabular impingement. Arthroscopy. 2012;28:204–10.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Sugaya H, Moriishi J, Dohi M, Kon Y, Tsuchiya A. Glenoid rim morphology in recurrent anterior glenohumeral instability. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2003;85:878–84.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Chuang TY, Adams CR, Burkhardt SS. Use of preoperative three-dimensional computed tomography to quantify glenoid bone loss in shoulder instability. Arthroscopy. 2008;24:376–82.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Nofsinger C, Browning B, Burkhardt SS, Pedowitz RA. Objective preoperative measurement of anterior glenoid bone loss: a pilot study of a computer-based method using unilateral 3-dimensional computed tomography. Arthroscopy. 2011;27:322–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Itoi E, Lee SB, Berglund LJ, Berge LL, An KN. The effect of a glenoid defect on anteroinferior stability of the shoulder after bankart repair: a cadaveric study. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2000;82:35–46.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Lo IK, Perten PM, Burkhart SS. The inverted pear glenoid: an indicator of significant glenoid bone loss. Arthroscopy. 2004;20:169–74.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Greis PE, Scuderi MG, Mohr A, Bachus KN, Burks RT. Glenohumeral articular contact areas and pressures following labral and osseous injury to the anteroinferior quadrant of the glenoid. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2002;11:442–51.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Burkhart SS, Debeer JF, Tehrany AM, Parten PM. Quantifying glenoid bone loss arthroscopically in shoulder instability. Arthroscopy. 2002;18:488–91.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Steiner RM, Mitchell DG, Rao VM, Murphy S, Rifkin MD, Burk DL, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of bone marrow: diagnostic value in diffuse hematologic disorders. Magn Reson Q. 1990;6:17–34.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Johnson LA, Hoppel BE, Gerard EL, Miller SP, Doppelt SH, Zirzow GC, et al. Quantitative chemical shift imaging of vertebral bone marrow in patients with Gaucher disease. Radiology. 1992;182:451–2.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Gerard EL, Ferry JA, Amrein PC, Harmon DC, McKinstry RC, Hoppel BE, et al. Compositional changes in vertebral bone marrow during treatment for acute leukemia: assessment with quantitative chemical shift imaging. Radiology. 1992;183:39–46.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Ballon D, Jakubowski AA, Tulipano PK, Graham MC, Schneider E, Aghazadeh B, et al. Quantitative assessment of bone marrow hematopoiesis using parametric magnetic resonance imaging. Magn Reson Med. 1998;39:789–800.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Maas M, Dijkstra PF, Akkerman EM. Uniform fat suppression in hands and feet through the use of two-point Dixon chemical shift MR imaging. Radiology. 1999;210:189–93.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Maas M, Hollak CE, Akkerman EM, Aerts JM, Stoker J, Den Heeten GJ. Quantification of skeletal involvement in adults with type I Gaucher’s disease: fat fraction measured by Dixon quantitative chemical shift imaging as a valid parameter. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2002;179:961–5.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Rathnayaka K, Konstantin IM, Noser H, Volp A, Schuetz MA, Sahama T, et al. Quantification of the accuracy of MRI generated 3D models of long bones compared to CT generated 3D models. Med Eng Phys. 2012;34:357–63.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Abebe ES, Moorman CT, Dziedzic TS, Spritzer CE, Cothran RL, Taylor DC, et al. Femoral tunnel placement during anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: an in vivo imaging analysis comparing transtibial and 2-incision tibial tunnel independent techniques. Am J Sports Med. 2009;37:1904–11.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Moro-oka T-a, Hamai S, Miura H, Shimoto T, Higaki H, Fregly BJ. Can magnetic resonance imaging-derived bone models be used for accurate motion measurement with single-plane three-dimensional shape registration? J Orthop Res. 2007;25:867–72.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Laura Z, Erik RW, Michael DS, Susan MS. Image fusion of computed tomographic and magnetic resonance images for the development of a three-dimensional musculoskeletal model of the equine forelimb. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2006;47:553–62.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Soterios Gyftopoulos.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Gyftopoulos, S., Yemin, A., Mulholland, T. et al. 3DMR osseous reconstructions of the shoulder using a gradient-echo based two-point Dixon reconstruction: a feasibility study. Skeletal Radiol 42, 347–352 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00256-012-1489-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00256-012-1489-z

Keywords

Navigation