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Unfolded protein response in filamentous fungi—implications in biotechnology

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Abstract

The unfolded protein response (UPR) represents a mechanism to preserve endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis that is conserved in eukaryotes. ER stress caused by the accumulation of potentially toxic un- or misfolded proteins in the ER triggers UPR activation and the induction of genes important for protein folding in the ER, ER expansion, and transport from and to the ER. Along with this adaptation, the overall capacity for protein secretion is markedly increased by the UPR. In filamentous fungi, various approaches to employ the UPR for improved production of homologous and heterologous proteins have been investigated. As the effects on protein production were strongly dependent on the expressed protein, generally applicable strategies have to be developed. A combination of transcriptomic approaches monitoring secretion stress and basic research on the UPR mechanism provided novel and important insight into the complex regulatory cross-connections between UPR signalling, cellular physiology, and developmental processes. It will be discussed how this increasing knowledge on the UPR might stimulate the development of novel strategies for using the UPR as a tool in biotechnology.

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Acknowledgments

Jörg Kämper (KIT, Karlsruhe) and members of the Heimel lab are acknowledged for critical reading of the manuscript.

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  1. Institut für Mikrobiologie & Genetik, Georg-August-Universität, Grisebachstr. 8, 37077, Göttingen, Germany

    Kai Heimel

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  1. Kai Heimel
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Heimel, K. Unfolded protein response in filamentous fungi—implications in biotechnology. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 99, 121–132 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-014-6192-7

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