Abstract
The tripartite motif protein (TRIM)5α/CypA fusion protein TRIMCyp in Old World monkeys is generally considered unable to restrict HIV-1 replication. Monkeys with TRIMCyp can serve as a unique animal model for studies of HIV-1 infection. The present study investigated the distribution and expression status of TRIMCyp in four species of macaques originating from China and its borderlands: pigtail macaques (Macaca nemestrina), rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta), long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis), and Tibetan macaques (Macaca thibetana). The results revealed that the frequencies of the TRIMCyp genotype were significantly different among different species and even within different populations of the same species. Interestingly, the TRIMCyp genotype was more prevalent among macaques originating from Yunnan and surrounding regions than those from other regions of China. Importantly, TRIMCyp individuals were first identified in Chinese M. mulatta originating from Yunnan, although multiple earlier studies failed to find CypA retrotransposition in this subspecies. Furthermore, TRIMe7-CypA, one of the splicing isoforms of the TRIMCyp transcript was expressed in M. nemestrina and M. mulatta but not M. fascicularis. The intra- and interspecies polymorphisms in the deduced TRIMCyp amino acid sequences of these macaques were also analyzed. Taken together, the data in this study provide important information about the genomic background of TRIMCyp among major species of Chinese macaques.
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31070809) and National Twelfth Five-year Program for NHP Models of Major Human Diseases (2011zx09307-303-03) and Basic Science Programs of Guangdong Province 2010B060500023 to JHZ, and from the National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology (SKLVBF200904) to YHZ and (SKLVBD201102) to CQY. We thank Dr. Yu-Huan Meng for the phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial DNA.
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Yu, CQ., Na, L., Lv, XL. et al. The TRIMCyp genotype in four species of macaques in China. Immunogenetics 65, 185–193 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00251-012-0670-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00251-012-0670-9