Clinical Features and Surgical Outcomes of Coronary Sinus Orifice Atresia

Abstract

This study aimed to review clinical features and surgical outcomes of coronary sinus orifice atresia (CSOA). From 2003 to 2015, 6 patients were diagnosed with CSOA. Median age at diagnosis was 2 years (range 0.2–73). CSOA was preoperatively diagnosed in 2 patients, intraoperatively in 3, and postoperatively in 1. Coronary venous blood flow drained into innominate vein through the left superior vena cava (LSVC) in 2, into the atrium through Thebesian veins in 2, and into both in 2. Three patients required surgical treatment. The first patient with a congenitally corrected transposition of great arteries had undergone ligation of the LSVC and a cutback of the proximal LSVC into the functional right atrium during the double-switch operation. The second patient with tricuspid atresia gradually developed hypoxia after the Fontan operation due to the increase in veno-venous shunt blood flow from the Fontan pathway to the right atrium through the LSVC and Thebesian veins, so that the LSVC was ligated and the coronary sinus was unroofed 6 years after Fontan operation. The other functional single ventricle patient had undergone ligation of the LSVC and a cutback of the proximal LSVC into the left atrium during the Fontan operation. There were no mortalities at the median follow-up of 9 years (1–11). CSOA should be suspected when the LSVC and usual-sized innominate vein were presented. Surgical treatment is required if the postoperative hemodynamics would affect coronary venous perfusion, like single ventricular palliation (244 words).