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Cd, Pb and Zn Oral Bioaccessibility of Urban Soils Contaminated in the Past by Atmospheric Emissions from Two Lead and Zinc Smelters

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Abstract

Ingestion of dust or soil particles could pose a potential health risk due to long-term metal trace element (MTE) exposure. Twenty-seven urban topsoil samples (kitchen garden and lawn) were collected and analyzed for Cd, Pb and Zn using the unified Bioaccessibility Research Group of Europe (BARGE) method (UBM) test to estimate the human bioaccessibility of these elements. The quantities of Cd, Pb and Zn extracted from soils indicated, on average, 68, 62 and 47% bioaccessibility, respectively, in the gastric phase and 31, 32 and 23% bioaccessibility, respectively, in the gastro-intestinal phase. Significant positive correlations were observed between concentrations extracted with UBM and total MTE contents. Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that human bioaccessibility was also affected by some physico-chemical soil parameters (i.e. total nitrogen, carbonates, clay contents and pH). The unified test presents some valuable data for risk assessment. Indeed, the incorporation of oral bioaccessible concentrations into risk estimations could give more realistic information for health risk assessment.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thanks the Nord-Pas de Calais Council, the French Ministry of Research and the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER), for financial support. They thank Sébastien Denys, Karine Tack and Julien Caboche (Institut National de l’Environnement Industriel et des Risques) as well as the BARGE members (Bioaccessiblity Research Group of Europe) for scientific and technical help for the realization of the bioaccessibility tests.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire Sols et Environnement, Groupe ISA, 48 Boulevard Vauban, 59046, Lille cedex, France

    H. Roussel, C. Waterlot, A. Pelfrêne, C. Pruvot & F. Douay

  2. EA 2690, GIP-CERESTE, Laboratoire Universitaire de Médecine du Travail, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lille 2, 59045, Lille cedex, France

    M. Mazzuca

  3. Département Sites et Sols Pollués, ADEME, 21 Rue du Grésillé, 49000, Angers, France

    H. Roussel

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  1. H. Roussel
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Correspondence to F. Douay.

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Roussel, H., Waterlot, C., Pelfrêne, A. et al. Cd, Pb and Zn Oral Bioaccessibility of Urban Soils Contaminated in the Past by Atmospheric Emissions from Two Lead and Zinc Smelters. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 58, 945–954 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-009-9425-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-009-9425-5

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