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Urinary MCP-1、HMGB1 increased in calcium nephrolithiasis patients and the influence of hypercalciuria on the production of the two cytokines

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Abstract

The study aims to observe the urinary excretion of monocyte chemoattractant-1 (MCP-1) and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in patients with calcium nephrolithiasis and to determine the influence of hypercalciuria on the production of the two cytokines. 81 cases of patients with calcium nephrolithiasis (group CN) and 30 healthy controls (group C) were involved in this study. To observe the influence of urinary calcium on the excretion of those cytokines, the patients were subdivided according to their 24-h urinary calcium level: ≥4 mg/kg/day (group H) and <4 mg/kg/day (group N). MCP-1 and HMGB1 in urina sanguinis were determined for all subjects. In addition, in vitro study was done to determine the production of the two cytokines and index of apoptosis and oxidative injuries in human kidney epithelial cells (HK-2) exposed to three high levels of calcium. Data showed that both urinary MCP-1 and HMGB1 in group CN were higher than that of group C. When the patients were subdivided, comparisons among the three groups showed that both MCP-1 and HMGB1 in group H and group N were higher than group C, but there was no significant statistical difference between the two stone groups. In vitro study, the apoptosis rate of cells, the lactate dehydrogenase activities, the hydrogen peroxide, and 8-isoprostane concentrations in the medium all increased in accordance with the increased concentration of calcium supplemented. Compared with the control, mRNA expressions of MCP-1 and HMGB1 in cells and the protein concentrations of the two cytokines in the medium of calcium-supplemented groups increased significantly. Results showed that urinary MCP-1 and HMGB1 increased in calcium nephrolithiasis patients and hypercalciuria might affect the identical pathways (through the reactive oxygen species) with other factors in stimulating the production of MCP-1 and HMGB1 in vivo.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China

    Yang Wang, Chun Sun, Chengyang Li, Yaoliang Deng, Zhiwei Tao, Xiang Wang, Xiaofeng Guan & Yutong Zhao

  2. Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China

    Guohua Zeng

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  1. Yang Wang
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  2. Chun Sun
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  3. Chengyang Li
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  4. Yaoliang Deng
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  7. Xiang Wang
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  9. Yutong Zhao
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Correspondence to Chengyang Li.

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Funding

This study was funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi province (NO.2011GXNSFA018177), the Guangdong Key Laboratory of Department of Urology (NO.2010A060801016), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NO.81360113).

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The entire author declares that he/she has no conflict of interest.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Wang, Y., Sun, C., Li, C. et al. Urinary MCP-1、HMGB1 increased in calcium nephrolithiasis patients and the influence of hypercalciuria on the production of the two cytokines. Urolithiasis 45, 159–175 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00240-016-0902-9

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