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Silk–PVA Hybrid Nanofibrous Scaffolds for Enhanced Primary Human Meniscal Cell Proliferation

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Abstract

In this study, silk fibroin nanofibrous scaffolds were developed to investigate the attachment and proliferation of primary human meniscal cells. Silk fibroin (SF)–polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) blended electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds with different blend ratios (2:1, 3:1, and 4:1) were prepared. Morphology of the scaffolds was characterized using atomic force microscopy (AFM). The hybrid nanofibrous mats were crosslinked using 25 % (v/v) glutaraldehyde vapor. In degradation study, the crosslinked nanofiber showed slow degradation of 20 % on weight after 35 days of incubation in simulated body fluid (SBF). The scaffolds were characterized with suitable techniques for its functional groups, porosity, and swelling ratio. Among the nanofibers, 3:1 SF:PVA blend showed uniform morphology and fiber diameter. The blended scaffolds had fluid uptake and swelling ratio of 80 % and 458 ± 21 %, respectively. Primary meniscal cells isolated from surgical debris after meniscectomy were subcultured and seeded onto these hybrid nanofibrous scaffolds. Meniscal cell attachment studies confirmed that 3:1 SF:PVA nanofibrous scaffolds supported better cell attachment and growth. The DNA and collagen content increased significantly with 3:1 SF:PVA. These results clearly indicate that a blend of SF:PVA at 3:1 ratio is suitable for meniscus cell proliferation when compared to pure SF-PVA nanofibers.

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Acknowledgments

The authors like to express their deep gratitude to the management of PSG Institutions, Tamil Nadu, India and Tamil Nadu State Council for Science and Technology (TNSCST) for their financial and other shapes of support to carry out this work. We appreciate the support, guidance, and contribution from Dr. P. Radhakrishnan, Director and Dr. T. Lazar Mathew, Advisor, PSG Institute of Advanced Studies, Dr. David V. Rajan, Ortho One Orthopaedic Speciality Centre, and Dr. Ramalingam, PSG IMS&R, Coimbatore.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Tissue Engineering Laboratory, PSG Institute of Advanced Studies, Coimbatore, 641004, India

      Mamatha M. Pillai & R. Selvakumar

    2. Advanced Textile and Polymer Research Laboratory, PSG Institute of Advanced Studies, Coimbatore, 641004, India

      J. Gopinathan, B. Indumathi, Y. R. Manjoosha & Amitava Bhattacharyya

    3. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ortho One Orthopaedic Speciality Centre, Coimbatore, 641005, India

      K. Santosh Sahanand

    4. Department of Orthopaedics, PSG Institute of Medical Science and Research, Coimbatore, 641004, India

      B. K. Dinakar Rai

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    1. Mamatha M. Pillai
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    2. J. Gopinathan
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    3. B. Indumathi
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    4. Y. R. Manjoosha
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    8. Amitava Bhattacharyya
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    Correspondence to R. Selvakumar or Amitava Bhattacharyya.

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    Mamatha M. Pillai and J. Gopinathan contributed equally to this study.

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    Pillai, M.M., Gopinathan, J., Indumathi, B. et al. Silk–PVA Hybrid Nanofibrous Scaffolds for Enhanced Primary Human Meniscal Cell Proliferation. J Membrane Biol 249, 813–822 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00232-016-9932-z

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