Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Flow pattern-based mass and heat transfer and frictional drag of gas-non-Newtonian liquid flow in helical coil: two- and three-phase systems

  • Original
  • Published:
Heat and Mass Transfer Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Investigation of wall-liquid mass transfer and heat transfer phenomena with gas-Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids in vertically helical coil reactor have been reported in this article. Experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of various dynamic and geometric parameters on mass and heat transfer coefficients in the helical coil reactor. The flow pattern-based heat and mass transfer phenomena in the helical coil reactor are highlighted at different operating conditions. The study covered a wide range of geometric parameters such as diameter of the tube (d t ), diameter of the coil (D c ), diameter of the particle (d p ), pitch difference (p/D c ) and concentrations of non-Newtonian liquid. The correlation models for the heat and mass transfer coefficient based on the flow pattern are developed which may be useful in process scale-up of the helical coil reactor for industrial application. The frictional drag coefficient was also estimated and analyzed by mass transfer phenomena based on the electrochemical method.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 18
Fig. 19
Fig. 20
Fig. 21

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

A e :

Area of transfer surface of the electrode (m2)

C p :

Specific heat (J/kg K)

d e :

Electrode diameter (m)

d t :

Tube diameter (m)

d p :

Particle diameter (μm)

D c :

Coil diameter (m)

D L :

Diffusivity of reacting ion (m2 s−1)

E :

Applied potential (V)

F :

Faraday constant (96,500 C/g-equivalent)

F f :

Frictional drag force (N)

g :

Acceleration due to gravity (m s−2)

i d :

Limiting current density (A m−2)

i L :

Limiting current (A)

J D :

Mass transfer factor (−)

k L :

Mass transfer coefficient (m s−1)

L c :

Length of coil (m)

L e :

Equivalent electrode length (m)

L p :

Pitch length (m)

n :

Flow behavior index (−)

R :

Radius of the electrode (m)

T w :

Temperature at the wall (K)

U l :

Superficial liquid velocity (m s−1)

U g :

Superficial gas velocity (m s−1)

h :

Heat transfer coefficient in (W/m2 K)

q :

Rate of heat transfer (watt)

q w :

Wall heat flux (W/m2)

κ :

Thermal conductivity (W/m K)

ρ :

Fluid density (kg/m3)

μ:

Viscosity (kg/m s)

v :

Kinematic viscosity of the fluid (m2/s)

σ:

Surface tension (N/m)

p :

Pitch (m)

ρ l :

Density of liquid (kg m−3)

ρ m :

Mixed density (kg m−3)

ρ s :

Density of solids (kg m−3)

μ eff :

Effective viscosity (kg m−1 s−1)

σ l :

Surface tension (N m−1)

ε g :

Gas holdup (−)

Ca :

Capillary number (U gl μ gl /σ l ) (−)

Br :

Brinkham number (μU 2 /k (T w –T o )) (−)

Bs :

Bodenstein number (U gl d t /D L ) (−)

Nu :

Nusselt number (hd t /k) (−)

Pr :

Prandtl number (μ/(αρ)) (−)

Ra :

Rayleigh number (gβΔTd 3 t ρ/αμ) (−)

Re :

Reynolds Number (d t Uρ/μ) (−)

Re cm :

Coil Reynolds Number (Re cm  = Re (1 − (8dt )/(πD c ))) (−)

Sc :

Schmidt number (μ/ρD L ) (−)

St :

Stanton number (k L /U l ) (−)

References

  1. Vashisth S, Kumar V, Nigam KDP (2008) A review on the potential applications of curved geometries in process industry. Ind Eng Chem Res 47:3291–3337

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Banerjee S, Rhodes E, Scott DS (1969) Studies on cocurrent gas-liquid flow in helically coiled tubes I. Flow patterns, pressure drop and holdup. Can J Chem Eng 47:445–453

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Rippel GR, Eidt CM, Jordan HB (1966) Two-phase flow in a coiled tube. Ind Eng Chem Proc Des Dev 5:32–39

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Awwad A, Xin RC, Dong ZF, Ebadian MA, Soliman HM (1995) Measurement and correlation of the pressure-drop in air–water 2-phase flow in horizontal helicoidal pipes. Int J Multiphase Flow 21:607–619

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  5. Biswas AB, Das SK (2006) Holdup characteristics of gas-non-Newtonian liquid flow through helical coils in vertical orientation. Ind Eng Chem Res 45:7287–7292

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Ali S (2001) Pressure drop correlations for flow through regular helical coil tubes. Fluid Dyn Res 28:295–310

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Saxena AK, Schumpe A, Nigam KDP, Deckwer WD (1990) Flow regimes, hold-up and pressure-drop for two-phase flow in helical coils. Can J Chem Eng 68:553–559

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Awwad A, Xin RC, Dong ZF (1995) Measurement and correlation of the pressure-drop in air–water two-phase flow in horizontal helicoidal pipes. Int J Multiphase Flow 21:607–619

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  9. Akagawa K, Sakaguchi T, Ueda M (1971) Study on a gas–liquid two-phase flow in helically coiled tubes. Bull JSME 14:564–571

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Mujawar BA, Rao MR (1981) Gas-non-Newtonian liquid two-phase flow in helical coils. Ind Eng Chem Proc Des Dev 20:391–397

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Whalley PB (1980) Air–water two-phase flow in a helically coiled tube. Int J Multiphase Flow 6:345–356

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Vashisth S, Nigam KDP (2007) Experimental investigation of pressure drop during two-phase flow in a coiled flow inverter. Ind Eng Chem Res 46:5043–5050

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Thandlam AK, Mandal TK, Majumder SK (2015) Flow pattern transition, frictional pressure drop, and holdup of gas non-Newtonian fluid flow in helical tube. Asia-Pacific J Chem Eng 10:422–437

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Hameed MS, Muhammed S (2003) Mass transfer into liquid falling film in straight and helically coiled tubes. Int J Heat Mass Transf 46:1715–1724

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Sujatha V, Rajendra Prasad P, Bhaskara Sarma C, Jagannadha Raju GJV (2003) Studies on ionic mass transfer with insert helical tape promoters in batch fluidized beds. Ind J Chem Tech 10:694–700

    Google Scholar 

  16. Fernández-Seara J, Sieres J, Vázquez M (2003) Heat and mass transfer analysis of a helical coil rectifier in an ammonia–water absorption system. Int J Therm Sci 42:783–794

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Nosier SA, Mohamed MM (2004) Mass transfer at helical coils in bubble columns. Chem Biochem Eng Q 18(3):235–239

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Kumar TA, Raju GMJ, Sarma GVS, Ramesh KV (2009) Mass transfer at the confining wall f helically coiled circular tubes with gas–liquid flow and fluidized beds. Chem Eng J 153:114–119

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Kumar RH, Ramesh KV, Sharma GVS, Raju GMJ (2011) Mass transfer at the confining wall of helically coiled circular tubes in the absence and presence of packed solids. Int Comm Heat Mass Transf 38:319–323

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Abdel-Aziz MH (2013) Solid–liquid mass transfer in relation to diffusion controlled corrosion at the outer surface of helical coils immersed in agitated vessels. Chem Eng Res Des 91(1):43–50

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Ramesh KV, Raju GMJ, Bhaskara Sarma C, Subba Raju RV (2008) Liquid–wall mass transfer in three-phase fluidized beds with cross-flow of electrolyte. Chem Eng J 135:234–241

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Ramesh KV, Raju GMJ, Murty MSN, Bhaskara Sarma C (2009) Wall-to-bed mass transfer in three-phase fluidized beds in the absence and presence of a composite promoter. Chem Eng J 152:207–211

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Lin CS, Denton EB, Gaskill HS, Putan CL (1951) Diffusion controlled electrode reactions. Ind Eng Chem Res 43:2136–2143

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Haut B, Cartage T (2005) Mathematical modeling of gas–liquid mass transfer rate in bubble columns operated in the heterogeneous regime. Chem Eng Sci 60:5937–5944

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Abulnaga B (2002) Slurry systems handbook. McGraw-Hill Handbooks, New York

    Google Scholar 

  26. Jagannadha Raju GJV, Venkata Rao C (1965) Ionic mass transfer in the presence of fluidizing solids. Ind J Tech. 3:201–205

    Google Scholar 

  27. Kolthoff IM, Furman NH (1929) Volumetric analysis. Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  28. Sutton F (1935) Volumetric analysis, 12th edn. Blakiston & Co., Philadelphia

    Google Scholar 

  29. Reiss LP, Hanratty TJ (1963) An experimental study of the unsteady nature of the viscous sublayer. AIChE J 9:154–160

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Tonini RD, Remorino MR, Brea FM (1978) Determination of diffusion coefficients with a pipe wall electrode. Electrochim Acta 23:699–704

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Essadki AH, Nikov I, Delmas H (2005) Local shear and skin friction on particles in three-phase fluidized beds. Chem Eng Sci 60:6034–6042

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Bergles AE (2002) ExHFT for fourth generation heat transfer technology. Exp Therm Fluid Sci 26:355–355

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Shah RK. (1975) Thermal entry length solutions for the circular tube and parallel plates. In: Proceedings of 3rd national heat and mass transfer conference, IIT, Bombay, 1, 11–75

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India

    Anil Kumar Thandlam, Chiranjib Das & Subrata Kumar Majumder

Authors
  1. Anil Kumar Thandlam
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Chiranjib Das
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Subrata Kumar Majumder
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Subrata Kumar Majumder.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Thandlam, A.K., Das, C. & Majumder, S.K. Flow pattern-based mass and heat transfer and frictional drag of gas-non-Newtonian liquid flow in helical coil: two- and three-phase systems. Heat Mass Transfer 53, 1183–1197 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-016-1898-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-016-1898-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation