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Performance evaluation of a shell and tube heat exchanger operated with oxide based nanofluids

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Abstract

This study is about the performance evaluation of a shell and tube heat exchanger operated with nanofluid. Thermal conductivity, viscosity, and density of the nanofluids were increased, but the specific heat of the nanofluids was decreased with increasing the concentrations of the particles. The convective heat transfer coefficient was found to be 2–15 % higher than that of water at 50 kg/min of both side fluid. Nevertheless, energy effectiveness has improved about 23–52 % for the above-mentioned nanofluids. As, energy effectiveness (ɛ) is strongly depends on the density and specific heat of the operating fluids therefore, maximum ɛ has obtained for ZnO–W nanofluid and lowest found for SiO2–W nanofluid.

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Abbreviations

A :

Area (m2)

A cf :

Cross flow area (m2)

C :

Heat capacity rate

C p :

Specific heat capacity (J/kg K)

C r :

Heat capacity ratio

D :

Dia of shell (m)

D :

Dia of tube (m)

K :

Thermal conductivity (W/m K)

L :

Length (m)

\(\dot{m}_{f}\) :

Mass flow rate of base fluid (kg/s)

\(\dot{m}_{nf}\) :

Mass flow rate of nano fluid (kg/s)

N :

Number of tubes

NTU :

Number of heat transfer units

Nu :

Nusselt number

Pr:

Prandtl number

Re:

Reynolds number

U o :

Overall heat transfer coefficient (W/m2 K)

W:

Water

µ :

Viscosity (Ns/m2)

Ø :

Volume fraction

ɛ :

Energy effectiveness

ρ :

Density (kg/m3)

n f :

Nanofluid

f :

Base fluid

n p :

Nanoparticle

h :

Hot side

c :

Cold side

fs :

Shell side fluid

f T :

Tube side fluid

w :

Wall

min:

Minimum

max:

Maximum

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge Ministry of Education Malaysia (MoE) Malaysia for financial support. This work was supported by UM-MoE High Impact Research Grant Scheme (HIRG) (Project No: UM.C/HIR/MOHE/ENG/40 (D000040-16001)).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    I. M. Shahrul, I. M. Mahbubul, S. S. Khaleduzzaman & M. F. M. Sabri

  2. Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy (CoRE-RE), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia

    R. Saidur

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  1. I. M. Shahrul
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  2. I. M. Mahbubul
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  4. S. S. Khaleduzzaman
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Correspondence to R. Saidur.

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Shahrul, I.M., Mahbubul, I.M., Saidur, R. et al. Performance evaluation of a shell and tube heat exchanger operated with oxide based nanofluids. Heat Mass Transfer 52, 1425–1433 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-015-1664-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-015-1664-6

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