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The physiological and molecular responses of larvae from the reef-building coral Pocillopora damicornis exposed to near-future increases in temperature and pCO2

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Abstract

Given the threats of greenhouse gas emissions and a changing climate to marine ecosystems, there is an urgent need to better understand the response of not only adult corals, which are particularly sensitive to environmental changes, but also their larvae, whose mechanisms of acclimation to both temperature increases and ocean acidification are not well understood. Brooded larvae from the reef coral Pocillopora damicornis collected from Nanwan Bay, Southern Taiwan, were exposed to ambient or elevated temperature (25 or 29 °C) and pCO2 (415 or 635 μatm) in a factorial experiment for 9 days, and a variety of physiological and molecular parameters were measured. Respiration and rubisco protein expression decreased in larvae exposed to elevated temperature, while those incubated at high pCO2 were larger in size. Collectively, these findings highlight the complex metabolic and molecular responses of this life history stage and the need to integrate our understanding across multiple levels of biological organization. Our results also suggest that for this pocilloporid larval life stage, the impacts of elevated temperature are likely a greater threat under near-future predictions for climate change than ocean acidification.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to the staff and students of the NMMBA and technical assistance from Okay Chan, Yao-Hung Chen, Yi-Yuong Hsiao, Peter Edmunds, Vivian Cumbo, and Aaron Dufault. We thank Gretchen Hofmann and her program for seawater chemistry protocols (work supported by the United States National Science Foundation [NSF] awards OCE-1040960 and ANT-0944201 to GEH). We would also like to thank three anonymous reviewers for their comments, which have greatly improved the manuscript. This study was supported by grants from NSF (BIO-OCE 08-44785 to PJE and OCE-0752604 to RDG), and funding from the International Society for Reef Studies, the Ocean Conservancy, and the American Fisheries Society to HMP. ABM was funded by an NSF international postdoctoral research fellowship (OISE-0852960). In addition, this research was developed under STAR Fellowship Assistance Agreement no. FP917199 awarded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). This manuscript has not been formally reviewed by the EPA, and the views expressed are solely those of the authors. The EPA does not endorse any products or commercial services mentioned in this manuscript. This manuscript is HIMB contribution number 1531 and SOEST contribution number 8795.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaii, PO Box 1346, Kaneohe, HI, 96744, USA

    H. M. Putnam & R. D. Gates

  2. National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, 2 Houwan Rd., Checheng, Pingtung, Taiwan, ROC

    A. B. Mayfield & T. Y. Fan

  3. Institute of Marine Biodiversity and Evolution, National Dong-Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC

    T. Y. Fan

  4. Graduate Institute of Marine Biotechnology, National Dong-Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC

    C. S. Chen

  5. Taiwan Coral Research Center (TCRC), National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Checheng, Pingtung, 944, Taiwan, ROC

    C. S. Chen

  6. Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC

    C. S. Chen

Authors
  1. H. M. Putnam
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  2. A. B. Mayfield
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  3. T. Y. Fan
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  4. C. S. Chen
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  5. R. D. Gates
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to H. M. Putnam.

Additional information

Communicated by H.-O. Pörtner.

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Putnam, H.M., Mayfield, A.B., Fan, T.Y. et al. The physiological and molecular responses of larvae from the reef-building coral Pocillopora damicornis exposed to near-future increases in temperature and pCO2 . Mar Biol 160, 2157–2173 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-012-2129-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-012-2129-9

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