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Extensive BMI Gain in Puberty is Associated with Lower Increments in Bone Mineral Density in Estonian Boys with Overweight and Obesity: A 3-Year Longitudinal Study

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Abstract

The aim of this 3-year prospective study was to examine changes in bone mineral characteristics during pubertal maturation in boys with different BMI values at the beginning of puberty and with different BMI increments during puberty. 26 boys with overweight and obesity (OWB) and 29 normal weight boys (NWB) were studied yearly for 3 years from the age of 11 years to measure the changes in different bone mineral characteristics. The OWB group was further divided into two subgroups according to extensive or non-extensive BMI increment during 3-year period. OWB had higher (P < 0.01) baseline total body (TB) bone mineral density (BMD), TB bone mineral content (BMC), TB BMC for height, lumbar spine (LS) BMD, and LS BMC compared to NWB. Throughout the study period, OWB gained more TB BMD (P = 0.0001), TB BMC (P = 0.0048), TB BMC for height (P = 0.0124), LS BMD (P = 0.0029), and LS BMC (P = 0.0022) compared to NWB. Also during the study period, TB BMD (P = 0.0065), TB BMC (P = 0.0141), TB BMC for height (P = 0.0199), LS BMD (P = 0.0066), LS apparent volumetric BMD (BMAD) (P = 0.0075), and LS BMC (P = 0.017) increased significantly less in those OWB whose BMI increased more extensively. Extensive BMI gain is associated with lower increments in bone mineral characteristics in boys with overweight and obesity. Unfavorable increment in total body fat mass and percentage during pubertal years could be one reason for that.

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Author Contributions

E. Mengel (guarantor) participated in statistical analysis of the data, interpreted the data, prepared the first draft of the manuscript, and revised and finalized the manuscript. V. Tillmann participated in the interpretation of the data, and drafted and revised the manuscript. L. Remmel, P. Purge, and E. Lätt contributed to the experimental work and data collection. P. Kool was responsible for statistical analysis of the data. J. Jürimäe participated in the interpretation of the data, drafted and revised the manuscript, and supervised all work. All authors revised the paper critically for intellectual content and approved the final manuscript as submitted.

Funding

This study was supported by Estonian Ministry of Education and Science grant IUT 20–58.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, Jakobi 5, 50411, Tartu, Estonia

    Eva Mengel, Liina Remmel, Priit Purge, Evelin Lätt & Jaak Jürimäe

  2. Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia

    Vallo Tillmann & Pille Kool

  3. Children’s Clinic of Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia

    Eva Mengel & Vallo Tillmann

Authors
  1. Eva Mengel
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  2. Vallo Tillmann
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  3. Liina Remmel
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  4. Pille Kool
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  5. Priit Purge
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  6. Evelin Lätt
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Eva Mengel.

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Conflict of interest

Eva Mengel, Vallo Tillmann, Liina Remmel, Pille Kool, Priit Purge, Evelin Lätt, and Jaak Jürimäe declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Human and Animal Rights and Informed Consent

The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Mengel, E., Tillmann, V., Remmel, L. et al. Extensive BMI Gain in Puberty is Associated with Lower Increments in Bone Mineral Density in Estonian Boys with Overweight and Obesity: A 3-Year Longitudinal Study. Calcif Tissue Int 101, 174–181 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-017-0273-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-017-0273-4

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