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Analytical method development for the determination of emerging contaminants in water using supercritical-fluid chromatography coupled with diode-array detection

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Abstract

An analytical method using supercritical-fluid chromatography coupled with diode-array detection for the determination of seven emerging contaminants—two pharmaceuticals (carbamazepine and glyburide), three endocrine disruptors (17α-ethinyl estradiol, bisphenol A, and 17β-estradiol), one bactericide (triclosan), and one pesticide (diuron)—was developed and validated. These contaminants were chosen because of their frequency of use and their toxic effects on both humans and the environment. The optimized chromatographic separation on a Viridis BEH 2-EP column achieved baseline resolution for all compounds in less than 10 min. This separation was applied to environmental water samples after sample preparation. The optimized sample treatment involved a preconcentration step by means of solid-phase extraction using C18-OH cartridges. The proposed method was validated, finding recoveries higher than 94 % and limits of detection and limits of quantification in the range of 0.10–1.59 μg L−1 and 0.31–4.83 μg L−1, respectively. Method validation established the proposed method to be selective, linear, accurate, and precise. Finally, the method was successfully applied to environmental water samples.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Alberto Jauregui and Omar Ramirez from Waters for loaning the Water Acquity UPC2 systems and the column used in this study. Also Salvatierra-Stamp wishes to thank Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia-Mexico for the grant provided.

Compliance with ethical standards

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. The research presented did not involve human participants and/or animals. Also, all authors are informed about this submission.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Colima, Carretera Colima-Coquimatlán km 9, 28400, Coquimatlán, Colima, Mexico

    Vilma del Carmen Salvatierra-Stamp, Jorge Gonzalez, Valentin Ibarra-Galván & Roberto Muñiz-Valencia

  2. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Colima, c/ Bernal Díaz del Castillo 340, 28045, Colima, Mexico

    Silvia G. Ceballos-Magaña

Authors
  1. Vilma del Carmen Salvatierra-Stamp
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  2. Silvia G. Ceballos-Magaña
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  3. Jorge Gonzalez
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  4. Valentin Ibarra-Galván
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  5. Roberto Muñiz-Valencia
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Roberto Muñiz-Valencia.

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del Carmen Salvatierra-Stamp, V., Ceballos-Magaña, S.G., Gonzalez, J. et al. Analytical method development for the determination of emerging contaminants in water using supercritical-fluid chromatography coupled with diode-array detection. Anal Bioanal Chem 407, 4219–4226 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-015-8581-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-015-8581-x

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