Abstract
Ag(I)-catalyzed decarboxylative chlorination of the carboxylic acid with t-BuOCl has been given a systematic theoretical study. According to the calculations, the catalytic cycle was assumed to include four steps: proton-coupled two-electron transfer, oxidative decarboxylation, formation of Ag(II)–Cl (chlorine source) and chlorine abstraction. It was first suggested that this kind of reaction is driven by the proton-coupled two-electron transfer, which leads to the formation of Ag(II) species, carboxylate, chloridion and t-BuOH. Then the oxidative decarboxylation and formation of Ag(II)–Cl take place at the same time. The resultant alkyl radical from the former abstracts the chlorine atom of Ag(II)–Cl to give the final product. Based on a comparison of the reactivities among different carboxylic acids, the oxidative decarboxylation was established as the rate-determining step. Moreover, it proceeds preferentially in a concerted dissociative electron transfer pathway.
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Zhang, X. Mechanism for Ag (I)-catalyzed decarboxylative chlorination: a DFT study. Theor Chem Acc 135, 144 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00214-016-1903-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00214-016-1903-z