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Assessment of altered binding specificity of bacteriophage for ciprofloxacin-induced antibiotic-resistant Salmonella Typhimurium

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Abstract

This study describes a new effort toward understanding the interaction mechanisms between antibiotic-resistant Salmonella Typhimurium and phages. The antibiotic susceptibility, β-lactamase activity, bacterial motility, gene expression, and lytic activity were evaluated in ciprofloxacin-induced antibiotic-sensitive Salmonella Typhimurium (ASSTCIP) and ciprofloxacin-induced antibiotic-resistant S. Typhimurium (ARSTCIP), which were compared to the wild-type strains (ASSTWT and ARSTWT). The MIC values of ampicillin, norfloxacin, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline were significantly increased to > 512, 16, 16, and 256 μg/ml, respectively, in the ARSTCIP. The lowest and highest extracellular lactamase activities were observed in ASSTWT (6.85 μmol/min/ml) and ARSTCIP (48.83 μmol/min/ml), respectively. The acrA, lpfE, and hilA genes were significantly upregulated by more than tenfold in both ASSTCIP and ARSTCIP. The induction of multiple antibiotic resistance resulted from the increased efflux pump activity (AcrAB-TolC). The highest phage adsorption rates were more than 95 % for ASSTWT, ASSTCIP, and ARSTWT, while the lowest adsorption rate was 52 % for ARSTCIP at 15 min of infection. The least lytic activity of phage was 20 % against the ARSTCIP, followed by ASSTCIP (30 %). The adsorption rate of phage against ARSTCIP was 52 % at 15 min of infection, which resulted in the decrease in lytic activity (12 %). Understanding the interaction of phage and bacteria is essential for the practical application of phage to control and detect antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The results provide useful information for understanding the binding specificity of phages for multiple antibiotic-resistant pathogens.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by a grant of the Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI), funded by the Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (Grant Number: HI15C-1798-010015).

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Department of Medical Biomaterials Engineering and Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24341, Republic of Korea

      Jeongjin Kim, Ara Jo & Juhee Ahn

    2. Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China

      Tian Ding

    3. School of Convergence Bioscience and Technology, Seowon University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28674, Republic of Korea

      Hyeon-Yong Lee

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    1. Jeongjin Kim
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    2. Ara Jo
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    Correspondence to Juhee Ahn.

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    Communicated by Erko Stackebrandt.

    Jeongjin Kim and Ara Jo have contributed equally to this work.

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    Kim, J., Jo, A., Ding, T. et al. Assessment of altered binding specificity of bacteriophage for ciprofloxacin-induced antibiotic-resistant Salmonella Typhimurium. Arch Microbiol 198, 521–529 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-016-1210-z

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