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Can highly purified collagen coating modulate polypropylene mesh immune-inflammatory and fibroblastic reactions? Immunohistochemical analysis in a rat model

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Abstract

Introduction and hypothesis

Collagen has been proposed to be a useful biomaterial, but previous attempts to combine meshes with a collagen membrane have failed. The objective was to verify the effect of high-purified collagen gel coating in the immune-inflammatory response, host collagen metabolism, and angiogenesis around polypropylene mesh.

Methods

In 20 female Wistar rats were implanted, at one side of the abdominal wall, a monofilament polypropylene mesh (PP), and, on the other side, a mesh coated with a new highly purified collagen gel (PPC). The animals were divided into sub-groups and euthanized at 7, 14, 21, and 90 days after implantation. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed using interleukin 1 (IL-1), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2, MMP-3), surface antigen CD-31, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α). Objective analysis (percent reactive area, average density, and vessels concentration) was performed using AxioVision Software.

Results

Comparative analysis showed: higher vessel density in the PPC group after 14 days (p = 0.002); a decrease in the average density of MMP-2 in the PPC group after 21 and 90 days (p = 0.046); more stability in the behavior of MMP-3 in the PPC group throughout the periods with the percentage reactive area for MMP-3 showing a significant decrease just in the PP group after 14 and 90 days (p = 0.017), and also for MMP-3 average density, in which reduction was significant after 21 days in the PP group, but not until after 90 days in PPC group (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Highly purified collagen coating causes significant changes in angiogenesis and in the immune reaction of metalloproteinase around mesh implants in rats. These findings can be useful for improving mesh biocompatibility for pelvic floor surgery if such effects could be properly controlled.

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Acknowledgments

We thank FAPESP (Research Support Foundation of São Paulo State) for the financial support for the execution of this research project (process number 2013/05,841–3).

Conflicts of interest

None.

Authors’ contributions to the manuscript

F.G.F. Dias: data collection, manuscript writing; A. Prudente: data collection; R.T. Siniscalchi: data collection; B.C. Vidal: project development; C.L.Z. Riccetto: project development, manuscript writing.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biomaterials Research Unit, Division of Urology, University of Campinas, R. Vital Brazil, 250, 13083-888, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

    Fernando Goulart Fernandes Dias, Alessandro Prudente, Rodrigo Teixeira Siniscalchi & Cassio Luis Zanettini Riccetto

  2. Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil

    Benedicto Campos de Vidal

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  1. Fernando Goulart Fernandes Dias
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  2. Alessandro Prudente
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  5. Cassio Luis Zanettini Riccetto
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Correspondence to Fernando Goulart Fernandes Dias.

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Dias, F.G.F., Prudente, A., Siniscalchi, R.T. et al. Can highly purified collagen coating modulate polypropylene mesh immune-inflammatory and fibroblastic reactions? Immunohistochemical analysis in a rat model. Int Urogynecol J 26, 569–576 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-014-2529-0

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