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Two-echelon supply chain coordination among manufacturer and duopolies retailers with recycling facility

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Abstract

To reduce pollution and more uses of natural resources, the concept of recycle of used products and apply to everyday life is urgent for maintaining a sustainable life. In this context, an important positive strategy is to buy products when one customer does have to throw an item away. Based on this concept, the demand function of end customers is assumed as sales prices and recycling factors sensitive. In this paper, we develop cooperative as well as non-cooperative model of a closed-loop supply chain that consists of a manufacturer and duopolies retailers and compare the model with cournot and collusion games. Under Stackelberg setting among the manufacturer and the retailers, the duopolies retailers compete with each other under cournot and collusion games. A numerical example is given to justify the proposed model.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mathematics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, WB, India

    Nikunja Mohan Modak

  2. Department of Mathematics, Bengal Institute of Technology, 1 no. Govt. Colony, Kolkata, -700150, WB, India

    Shibaji Panda

  3. Department of Mathematics, Bhangar Mahavidyalaya, Bhangar, 743502, WB, India

    Shib Sankar Sana

Authors
  1. Nikunja Mohan Modak
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  2. Shibaji Panda
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  3. Shib Sankar Sana
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Shib Sankar Sana.

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Modak, N.M., Panda, S. & Sana, S.S. Two-echelon supply chain coordination among manufacturer and duopolies retailers with recycling facility. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 87, 1531–1546 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-015-8094-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-015-8094-y

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