Skip to main content
Log in

A distributed approach for real-time multi-camera multiple object tracking

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Machine Vision and Applications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Estimating the positions of a set of moving objects captured from a network of cameras is still an open problem in Computer Vision. In this paper, a distributed and real-time approach for tracking multiple objects on multiple cameras is presented. A quantitative comparison with six state-of-the-art methods has been carried out on the publicly available PETS 2009 data set, demonstrating the effectiveness of the algorithm. Moreover, the proposed method has been tested also on a multi-camera soccer data set, showing its data fusion capabilities.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. http://www.dis.uniroma1.it/~previtali.

  2. http://www.cvg.reading.ac.uk/PETS2009.

  3. http://www.milanton.de/data/.

  4. http://www.ino.it/home/spagnolo/Dataset.html.

  5. http://cs-people.bu.edu/jmzhang/tracker_hierarchy/Tracker_Hierarchy.htm.

References

  1. Dragon, R., Fenzi, M., Siberski, W., Rosenhahn, B., Ostermann, J.: Towards feature-based situation assessment for airport apron video surveillance. In: Outdoor and Large-Scale Real-World Scene Analysis, pp. 110–130. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2012)

  2. Welsh, B.C., Farrington, D.P., Taheri, S.A.: Effectiveness and social costs of public area surveillance for crime prevention. Ann. Rev. Law Soc. Sci. 11(1), 111–130 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Yilmaz, A., Javed, O., Shah, M.: Object tracking: a survey. ACM Comput. Surv. 38(4), 13 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Hu, W., Tan, T., Wang, L., Maybank, S.: A survey on visual surveillance of object motion and behaviors. Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part C Appl. Rev. 34(3), 334–352 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Rosencrantz, M., Gordon, G., Thrun, S.: Decentralized sensor fusion with distributed particle filters. In: Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence, pp. 493–500 (2002)

  6. Sheng, X., Hu, Y., Ramanathan, P.: Distributed particle filter with GMM approximation for multiple targets localization and tracking in wireless sensor network. In: International Symposium on Information Processing in Sensor Networks, p. 24 (2005)

  7. Ellis, A., Shahrokni, A., Ferryman, J. M.: PETS2009 and winter-pets 2009 results: a combined evaluation. In: International Workshop on Performance Evaluation of Tracking and Surveillance, pp. 1–8 (2009)

  8. D’Orazio, T., Leo, M., Mosca, N., Spagnolo, P., Mazzeo, P.L.: A semi-automatic system for ground truth generation of soccer video sequences. In: International Conference on Advanced Video and Signal Based Surveillance, pp. 559–564 (2009)

  9. Andriyenko, A., Roth, S., Schindler, K.: An analytical formulation of global occlusion reasoning for multi target tracking. In: International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops, pp. 1839–1846 (2011)

  10. Ess, A., Leibe, B., Schindler, K., Van Gool, L.: Robust multiperson tracking from a mobile platform. Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 31(10), 1831–1846 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Zhang, L., Li, Y., Nevatia, R.: Global data association for multi-object tracking using network flows. In: Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 1–8 (2008)

  12. Berclaz, J., Fleuret, F., Turetken, E., Fua, P.: Multiple object tracking using k-shortest paths optimization. Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 33(9), 1806–1819 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Leal-Taixé, L., Pons-Moll, G., Rosenhahn, B.: Everybody needs somebody: modeling social and grouping behavior on a linear programming multiple people tracker. In: International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops, pp. 120–127 (2011)

  14. Henriques, J.F., Caseiro, R., Batista, J.: Globally optimal solution to multi-object tracking with merged measurements. In: International Conference on Computer Vision, pp. 2470–2477 (2011)

  15. Makarenko, A., Durrant-Whyte, H.: Decentralized data fusion and control in active sensor networks. International Conference on Information Fusion, vol. 1, 479–486 (2004)

  16. Black, J., Ellis, T., Rosin, P.: Multi view image surveillance and tracking. In: International Workshop on Motion and Video Computing, pp. 169–174 (2002)

  17. Breitenstein, M.D., Reichlin, F., Leibe, B., Koller-Meier, E., Van Gool, L.: Online multiperson tracking-by-detection from a single, uncalibrated camera. Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 33(9), 1820–1833 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Yang, J., Shi, Z., Vela, P., Teizer, J.: Probabilistic multiple people tracking through complex situations. In: International Workshop on Performance Evaluation of Tracking and Surveillance, pp. 79–86 (2009)

  19. Bae, S., Yoon, K.: Robust online multi-object tracking based on tracklet confidence and online discriminative appearance learning. In: Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 1218–1225 (2014)

  20. Gu, D.: Distributed particle filter for target tracking. In: International Conference on Robotics and Automation, pp. 3856–3861 (2007)

  21. Ong, L., Bailey, T., Durrant-Whyte, H., Upcroft, B.: Decentralised particle filtering for multiple target tracking in wireless sensor networks. In: International Conference on Information Fusion, pp. 1–8 (2008)

  22. Wu, Y., Tong, X., Zhang, Y., Lu, H.: Boosted interactively distributed particle filter for automatic multi-object tracking. In: International Conference on Image Processing, pp. 1844–1847 (2008)

  23. Oreshkin, B.N., Coates, M.J.: Asynchronous distributed particle filter via decentralized evaluation of Gaussian products. In: International Conference on Information Fusion, pp. 1–8 (2010)

  24. Bloisi, D.D., Pennisi, A., Iocchi, L.: Background modeling in the maritime domain. Mach. Vis. Appl. 25(5), 1257–1269 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Bloisi, D.D., Pennisi, A., Iocchi, L.: Parallel multi-modal background modeling. Pattern Recognit. Lett. (2016). doi:10.1016/j.patrec.2016.10.016

  26. Dollar, P., Belongie, S., Perona, P.: The fastest pedestrian detector in the west. In: British Machine Vision Conference, pp. 68.1–68.11 (2010)

  27. Del Moral, P.: Non-linear filtering: interacting particle resolution. Markov Process. Relat. Fields 2(4), 555–581 (1996)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  28. Rokach, L., Maimon, O.: Clustering methods. In: Maimon, O., Rokach, L. (eds) Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery Handbook, pp. 321–352. Springer, New York (2005)

  29. Theodoridis, S., Koutroumbas, K.: Pattern Recognition. Academic Press, London (2003)

    Book  MATH  Google Scholar 

  30. Heyer, L.J., Kruglyak, S., Yooseph, S.: Exploring expression data: identification and analysis of coexpressed genes. Genome Res. 9(11), 1106–1115 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Kasturi, R., Goldgof, D., Soundararajan, P., Manohar, V., Garofolo, J., Bowers, R., Boonstra, M., Korzhova, V., Zhang, J.: Framework for performance evaluation of face, text, and vehicle detection and tracking in video: data, metrics, and protocol. Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 31(2), 319–336 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Zhang, J., Presti, L.L., Sclaroff, S.: Online multi-person tracking by tracker hierarchy, In: International Conference on Advanced Video and Signal Based Surveillance, pp. 379–385 (2012)

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Fabio Previtali.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary material 1 (mp4 15142 KB)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Previtali, F., Bloisi, D.D. & Iocchi, L. A distributed approach for real-time multi-camera multiple object tracking. Machine Vision and Applications 28, 421–430 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00138-017-0827-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00138-017-0827-5

Keywords

Navigation