Skip to main content
Log in

Enantioselective Phytotoxicity of Imazamox Against Maize Seedlings

  • Published:
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

There is increasing concern about the enantioselective effects of chiral herbicides. To study the enantioselective toxicity of the chiral herbicide imazamox on maize, maize seedlings (Zhengda 619, Zea mays L.) were exposed to imazamox racemate and enantiomers in hydroponic experiments. The results showed that imazamox enantiomers selectively affected maize. The effective concentration of Rac-, S- and R-imazamox that caused 50 % inhibition after 5 days treatments (EC50,5d) were 0.4212, 1.2142 and 0.2460 mg L−1, respectively, for maize root length; 0.0002, 0.1005, 0.0032 mg L−1, respectively, for maize root fresh weight; 0.7114, 1.4056 and 0.4530 mg L−1, respectively, for maize shoot height; 0.6220, 1.5418, 0.2286 mg L−1, respectively, for maize shoot fresh weight; and 0.1100, 0.3306, 0.0307 mg L−1, respectively, for the total chlorophyll content of leaves. The root morphological parameters and root activity reflected the toxicity effects in the order R-imazamox > Rac-imazamox > S-imazamox. Maize roots were more sensitive to imazamox than maize shoots. The chiral herbicide imazamox poses enantioselective phytotoxicity on maize seedlings: the order of toxicity is R-imazamox > Rac-imazamox > S-imazamox.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Arnon DI (1949) Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts: polyphenoloxidase in beta vulgaris. Plant Physiol 24:1–16

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Battaglin WA, Furlong ET, Burkhardt MR, Peter CJ (2000) Occurrence of sulfonylurea, sulfonamide, imidazolinone, and other herbicides in rivers, reservoirs and ground water in the Midwestern United States, 1998. Sci Total Environ 248:123–133

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bresnahan G, Dexter A, Koskinen W, Lueschen W (2002) Influence of soil pH-sorption interactions on the carry-over of fresh and aged soil residues of imazamox. Weed Res 42:45–51

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cobucci T, Machado E (1999) Selectivity, efficacy and soil persistence of imazamox applied to edible bean. Planta Daninha 17:419–432

    Google Scholar 

  • García-Garijo A, Palma F, Iribarne C, Lluch C, Tejera NA (2012) Alterations induced by imazamox on acetohydroxyacid synthase activity of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) depend on leaf position. Pestic Biochem Phys 104:72–76

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • García-Garijo A, Palma F, Lluch C, Tejera NA (2013) Physiological and biochemical responses of common vetch to the imazamox accumulation. Plant Physiol Biochem 73:321–325

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • García-Garijo A, Tejera NA, Lluch C, Palma LF (2014) Metabolic responses in root nodules of Phaseolus vulgaris and Vicia sativa exposed to the imazamox herbicide. Pestic Biochem Phys 111:19–23

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Garrison AW (2006) Probing the enantioselectivity of chiral pesticides. Environ Sci Technol 40:17–23

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hsiao YL, Wang YS, Yen JH (2014) Enantioselective effects of herbicide imazapyr on Arabidopsis thaliana. J Environ Sci Health B 49:646–653

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Islam E, Yang XE, Li TQ, Liu D, Jin XF, Meng FH (2007) Effect of Pb toxicity on root morphology, physiology and ultrastructure in the two ecotypes of Elsholtzia argyi. J Hazard Mater 147:806–816

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lao WJ, Gan J (2006) Responses of enantioselective characteristics of imidazolinone herbicides and Chiralcel OJ column to temperature variations. J Chromatogr A 1131:74–84

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu WP, Gan JY, Schlenk D, Jury WA (2005) Enantioselectivity in environmental safety of current chiral insecticides. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 102:701–706

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu WP, Ye J, Meng QJ (2009) Enantioselective phytoeffects of chiral pesticides. J Agric Food Chem 57:2087–2095

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu HJ, Huang RN, Xie F, Zhang SX, Shi J (2012a) Enantioselective phytotoxicity of metolachlor against maize and rice roots. J Hazard Mater 217–218:330–337

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu HJ, Xiong MY, Tian BL (2012b) Comparative phytotoxicity of Rac-metolachlor and S-metolachlor on rice seedlings. J Environ Sci Health B 47:410–419

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Müller TA, Kohler HPE (2004) Chirality of pollutants-effects on metabolism and fate. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 64:300–316

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • OECD (2002) Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, OECD Guidelines for the testing of chemicals, Draft test guideline 221: Lemna sp. Growth Inhibition Test

  • Pannacci E, Onofri A, Covarelli G (2006) Biological activity, availability and duration of phytotoxicity for imazamox in four different soils of central Italy. Weed Res 46:243–250

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Qian HF, Hu HJ, Mao YY, Ma J, Zhang AP, Liu WP, Fu ZW (2009) Enantioselective phytotoxicity of the herbicide imazethapyr in rice. Chemosphere 76:885–892

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Safarpour HD, Reza Asiaie, Stanley Katz (2004) Quantitative analysis of imazamox herbicide in environmental water samples by capillary electrophoresis electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 1036:217–222

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Scarponi L, Vischetti C, Buono DD (2001) Imazamox in maize: uptake, persistance and interference on protein and carbohydrate formation. Ital J Food Sci 13:213–219

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sekhon BS (2009) Chiral pesticides. J Pestic Sci 34:1–12

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shaner DL, Anderson PC, Stidham MA (1984) Imidazolinones: potent inhibitors of acetohydroxyacid synthase. Plant Physiol 76:545–546

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Xie F, Liu HJ, Cai WD (2010) Enantioselectivity of racemic metolachlor and S-metolachlor in maize seedlings. J Environ Sci Health B 45:774–782

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ye J, Zhang Q, Zhang AP, Wen YZ, Liu WP (2009) Enantioselective effects of chiral herbicide diclofop acid on rice Xiushui 63 seedlings. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 83:85–91

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ye J, Zhao MR, Liu J, Liu WP (2010) Enantioselectivity in environmental risk assessment of modern chiral pesticides. Environ Pollut 158:2371–2383

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou QY, Xu C, Zhang YS, Liu WP (2009) Enantioselectivity in the phytotoxicity of herbicide imazethapyr. J Agric Food Chem 57:1624–1631

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by Natural Science Foundation of China (31101464), Guangxi Special Invited Scientist Program in Agric-Environment and Agric-products Safety (2013B015), Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (201203098).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Huihua Tan.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Wei, J., Zhang, X., Li, X. et al. Enantioselective Phytotoxicity of Imazamox Against Maize Seedlings. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 96, 242–247 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-015-1682-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-015-1682-6

Keywords

Navigation