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Effect of Phosphate Addition on Cadmium Precipitation and Adsorption in Contaminated Arable Soil with a Low Concentration of Cadmium

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Abstract

The objectives of this study were to determine (1) the phosphorus (P) level required to induce cadmium (Cd) precipitation in a contaminated arable soil with low concentrations of Cd and (2) the primary mechanism of Cd immobilization at different P levels. Phosphorus was added at levels of 0 800, 1600, and 16,000 mg P kg−1 to a soil containing 5.57 mg Cd kg−1. The concentration of 1 M NH4OAc extractable Cd decreased significantly with P levels up to 1600 mg kg−1 due to an increase in soil pH and negative charge of soil (p < 0.001). A further decrease in 1 M NH4OAc extractable Cd concentration was noted when P was increased to 16,000 mg P kg−1 and may have been the result of Cd precipitation. This study suggest that adding P at high levels may help in the formation of geochemically stable Cd minerals in soil containing low levels of this heavy metal.

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Acknowledgments

This study was carried out with the support of “Research Program for Agricultural Science & Technology Development (Project No. PJ00982803)”, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Science Department, South Dakota State University, 1110 Rotunda Lane North, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA

    Sung Un Kim & Vance N. Owens

  2. Department of Life Science and Environmental Biochemistry, Pusan National University, Miryang, 627-706, South Korea

    Yong Gyun Kim, Sang Mong Lee, Hyean Cheal Park, Keun Ki Kim, Hong Joo Son & Chang Oh Hong

Authors
  1. Sung Un Kim
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  2. Vance N. Owens
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  3. Yong Gyun Kim
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  4. Sang Mong Lee
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  5. Hyean Cheal Park
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  6. Keun Ki Kim
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  7. Hong Joo Son
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  8. Chang Oh Hong
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Correspondence to Chang Oh Hong.

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Kim, S.U., Owens, V.N., Kim, Y.G. et al. Effect of Phosphate Addition on Cadmium Precipitation and Adsorption in Contaminated Arable Soil with a Low Concentration of Cadmium. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 95, 675–679 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-015-1621-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-015-1621-6

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