Abstract
The aim of this research was to investigate the concentrations of the heavy metals (copper, iron, zinc, chromium, cadmium and lead) and determine their relationship between pH and EC in the east of Ergene Basin, Turkey. For this purpose 18 groundwater samples were collected in May 2013. Results show that mean concentrations of Cu, Fe, Zn, Cr, Cd and Pb were, 0.005, 0.012, 0.083, 0.016, 0.000 and 0.0006 mg L−1 respectively, with the decreasing sequence of Zn > Cr > Fe > Cu > Pb > Cd. No significant correlations were found among metals. Only moderate positive correlation was determined between Pb and pH (r = 0.451; p < 0.05). All metal pollutants studied in the groundwater were below international and national guidelines except Cr.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Adepoju-Bello AA, Ojomolade OO, Ayoola GA, Coker HAB (2009) Quantitative analysis of some toxic metals in domestic water obtained from Lagos metropolis. Nig J Pharm 42(1):57–60
Arkoc O (2011) Assessment of water quality of east part of the Ergene basin, Turkey. J Environ Prot Ecol Prot Ecol 12(4):1644–1655
Arkoc O, Erdoğan M (2006) Hydrogeochemistry of Çorlu-Çerkezköy part of Ergene Basin. J Istanbul Tech Univ Eng D 5(2-1):125–134 (in Turkish)
DSI (2003) Hydrogelogical report of Ergene Basin. State Hydraulic Works, p 67 (in Turkish)
Duffus JH (2002) Heavy metals a meaningless term (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure Appl Chem 74(5):793–807
Duruibe JO, Ogwuegbu MDC, Egwurugwu JN (2007) Heavy metal pollution and human biotoxic effects. Int J Phys Sci 2(5):112–118
EC. (2005). European Union Risk Assessment Report–Chromium trioxide (CAS-No: 1333-82-0), sodium chromate (CAS-No:7775-11-3), sodium dichromate (CAS-No: 10588-01-9), ammonium dichromate (CAS-No: 7789-09-5) and potassium dichromate (CAS-No: 7778-50-9) Risk Assessment. p 415 (EUR 21508 EN–Volume: 53)
EPA (2013) Drinking water contaminants. United States Environmental Protection Agency, USA. http://www.epa.gov/safewater/contaminants/index. Accessed 21 November 2013
Guzel B, Akgerman A (2000) Mordant dyeing of wool by supercritical processing. J Supercrit Fluids 18(3):247–252
Kidd PS, Dominguez-Rodriguez MJ, Diez J, Monterroso C (2007) Bioavailability and plant accumulation of heavy metals and phosphorus in agricultural soils amended by long-term application of sewage sludge. Chemosphere 66:1458–1467
Kurumbein WC, Graybill FA (1965) An introduction to statistical models in geology. McGraw-Hill, New York
Mansouri B, Salehi J, Etebari B, Moghaddam HK (2012) Metal concentrations in the groundwater in Birjand flood plain, Iran. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 89(1):138–142
Mendie U (2005) The nature of water the theory and practice of clean water production for domestic and industrial use. Lacto-Medals Publishers, Lagos
Mico C, Recatala L, Peris M, Sanchez J (2006) Assessing heavy metal sources in agricultural soils of an European Mediterranean area by multivariate analysis. Chemosphere 65:863–872
Muchuweti M, Birkett JW, Chinyanga E, Zvauya R, Scrimshaw MD, Lister JN (2006) Heavy metal content of vegetables irrigated with mixtures of wastewater and sewage sludge in Zimbabwe: implication for human health. Agri Ecosyst Environ 112:41–48
Nagajyoti PC, Lee KD, Sreekanth TVM (2010) Heavy metals, occurrence and toxicity for plants: a review. Environ Chem Lett 8(3):199–216
OB C (2008) Ergene Basin Master Plan Project. Ministry of Environment and Forestry, Ankara, p 112 in Turkish
Özdemir C, Dursun Ş, Argun ME, Karataş M, Doğan S, Özcan R, Çiçek S (2004) Alternative methods in refinement of wastewaters of leather industry, 1st National leather Syp book, 353–358, İzmir, 2004. (in Turkish)
Patil VT, Patil PR (2010) Physicochemical analysis of selected groundwater samples of Amalner town in Jalgaon District, Maharashtra, India. J Chem 7(1):111–116
Sanchez E, Colmenarejo MF, Vicente J, Rubio A, Garcia MG, Travieso L, Borja R (2007) Use of the water quality index and dissolved oxygen deficit as simple indicators of watersheds pollution. Ecol Indic 7:315–328
SKKY(2004), “Su Kirliligi Kontrolu Yonetmeligi. Water pollution control regulation,” Turk Off Gaz No. 25687
TB G (2013) Sunflower report 2012. Ministry of customs and trade, Ankara
Thornbury WD (1969) Principles of geomorphology. Wiley, New York
TS (2005) Water intended for human consumption (p 10). Turkish Standards Institution, Ankara, Turkey (in Turkish)
TTAE (2014) Wheat and barley seed production. http://www.ttae.gov.tr/index.php/cal-sma-alanlar/bugday-arpa/98-cal-sma-alanlar/bugday-arpa/132-bugday-arpa-tohumluk-ueretimi. Accessed 20 February 2014
TU (2002) Ergene basin environmental plan, analytical reports. Trakya University, Edirne (in Turkish)
Wang L, Wang Y, Xu C, An Z, Wang S (2011) Analysis and evaluation of the source of heavy metals in water of the River Changjiang. Environ Monit Assess 173(1–4):301–313
WHO (2006) A compendium of drinking-water quality standards in the eastern Mediterranean region. World Health Organization, Geneva, Document No. WHO-EM/CEH/143/E
Acknowledgments
The author would like to thank the State Hydraulic Works for providing part of the data and the anonymous reviewers for their comments that helped to improve this manuscript.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Arkoc, O. Heavy Metal Concentrations of Groundwater in the East of Ergene Basin, Turkey. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 93, 429–433 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-014-1347-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-014-1347-x