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Translocation and Bioaccumulation of Metals in Oryza sativa and Zea mays Growing in Chromite-Asbestos Contaminated Agricultural Fields, Jharkhand, India

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Abstract

The present study involves the assessment of metals (Cr, Ni, Pb and Cd) in contaminated agricultural soil (CAS) and abandoned chromite-asbestos waste (CW). High concentrations of Cr and Ni were found in CW (1,121–2,802 mg Cr kg−1; 985–1,720 mg Ni kg−1), which CAS (1,058–1,242 mg Cr kg−1; 1,002–1,295 mg Ni kg−1). Zea mays and Oryza sativa showed significant amounts of metals in root and aerial parts. The primary factors only consider the changes in metal concentrations in soil and plant, while dynamic factor includes both changes in metal concentration and environmental processes. In spite of the high concentration of Cr present in contaminated soils and crops, significant translocation of metals (>1) were found only for Pb and Ni, when primary factor was used. When dynamic factor was used, higher translocation (>1) and bioaccumulation (>1) were found for Cr along with Pb and Ni. The current study concludes that assessment of metal toxicity in CAS and crops could be better evaluated by using both primary and dynamic factors.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad for providing institute fellowship to one of the author. We also gratefully acknowledge the scientific staff of ESE (T. K. Sarkar, S. P. Ghosh) for analysis of metals and J. Ahirwal for writing assistance and proof reading of the research article. Author would also like to thank the anonymous associate editor of the Journal of BECT for valuable comments and suggestions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Centre of Mining Environment, Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad, 826004, Jharkhand, India

    Adarsh Kumar & Subodh Kumar Maiti

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  1. Adarsh Kumar
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  2. Subodh Kumar Maiti
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Correspondence to Subodh Kumar Maiti.

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Kumar, A., Maiti, S.K. Translocation and Bioaccumulation of Metals in Oryza sativa and Zea mays Growing in Chromite-Asbestos Contaminated Agricultural Fields, Jharkhand, India. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 93, 434–441 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-014-1339-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-014-1339-x

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