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Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Evaluation of Pyrethroid Insecticides λ-Cyhalothrin and α-Cypermethrin on Human Blood Lymphocyte Culture

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Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate the genotoxic, cytotoxic and aneugenic effects of 1, 2, 3.75, 7.5, 15, 30 μM concentrations of the insecticides λ-cyhalothrin (LCT) and α-cypermethrin (CYP) on human peripheral blood lymphocyte culture using micronucleus (MN) and fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) methods. All the concentrations were tested to assess the MN and apoptosis effects, and 1 and 2 μM LCT and 7.5 and 15 μM CYP concentrations were tested for FISH analysis. The cytotoxic effect was also observed using trypan blue and the acridine orange/ethidium bromide fluorescence staining method to measure the apoptotic effect. It was observed that both of the insecticides had a cytotoxic effect at all the concentrations (p ≤ 0.001) and apoptotic effect for LCT at 15–30 μM (p ≤ 0.05; p ≤ 0.01) for CYP between 2 and 30 μM concentrations (p ≤ 0.05; p ≤ 0.01). The micronuclei that developed after exposure were induced because of an aneugenic effect (p ≤ 0.001). LCT and CYP might be spindle poisons or caused damaged to centromere/kinetochore function.

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Acknowledgments

The work was supported by Trakya University [TUBAP 2008/35 Project].

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  1. Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Trakya University, 22030, Edirne, Turkey

    Fulya Dilek Gokalp Muranli

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  1. Fulya Dilek Gokalp Muranli
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Correspondence to Fulya Dilek Gokalp Muranli.

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Muranli, F.D.G. Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Evaluation of Pyrethroid Insecticides λ-Cyhalothrin and α-Cypermethrin on Human Blood Lymphocyte Culture. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 90, 357–363 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-012-0909-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-012-0909-z

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