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Psychische Aspekte bei Pruritus und Therapieoptionen

Psychological aspects of pruritus and therapy options

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Neben biologischen Faktoren, die chronischen Pruritus bedingen und aufrechterhalten können, rücken zunehmend auch psychische sowie psychoneuroimmunologische Faktoren als aufrechterhaltende Faktoren in den Fokus der Aufmerksamkeit.

Ziel der Arbeit

Der vorliegende Review-Beitrag soll einen Überblick über die aktuelle Forschung bezüglich der Zusammenhänge zwischen psychischen und psychoneuroimmunologischen Faktoren und Pruritus sowie über die daraus resultierenden Therapieoptionen geben.

Material und Methoden

Der Artikel basiert auf einer Literaturrecherche in der gängigen Datenbank „Pubmed“.

Ergebnisse

Pruritus ist im experimentellen Setting durch verbale Instruktionen auslösbar und kann durch Placebo- und Noceboeffekte moduliert werden. Stressinduzierende Lebensereignisse können Pruritus auslösen bzw. zur Exazerbation beitragen, was sich auch auf zellulärer Ebene nachweisen lässt.

Diskussion

Das Wissen darüber, dass die Intensität von Pruritus durch Kognitionen, behaviorale Faktoren sowie durch Stress mitbestimmt wird, ist wichtig für die Entwicklung und Anwendung psychotherapeutischer Interventionen. Diese sollten in Zukunft weiter erforscht werden und klinische Anwendung finden.

Abstract

Background

Besides biological factors, which cause or influence chronic pruritus, more and more attention has recently also been paid to psychological and psychoneuroimmunological factors which uphold the symptom.

Objectives

This review article gives an overview of the state of research regarding psychological and psychoneuroimmunological factors and the resulting therapeutic options.

Materials and methods

The article is based on a literature search in the PubMed database.

Results

Under experimental conditions, pruritus can be induced by verbal instructions and modulated by placebo and nocebo effects. Stressful life events can also induce pruritus or its exacerbation. This can also be demonstrated on a cellular level.

Conclusion

The knowledge that pruritus intensity is modulated by cognitions, behavioral factors, and stress is important for the development and application of psychological interventions. More research should be done regarding psychological interventions in the treatment of chronic itch and they should be applied clinically more often.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik für Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Domagkstr. 22, 48149, Münster, Deutschland

    A. Stumpf & G. Schneider

  2. Kompetenzzentrum Chronischer Pruritus (KCP), Universitätsklinikum Münster, Münster, Deutschland

    A. Stumpf & G. Schneider

  3. Institut für Medizinische Psychologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Gießen, Deutschland

    C. Schut

Authors
  1. A. Stumpf
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  2. C. Schut
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  3. G. Schneider
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. Stumpf.

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Interessenkonflikt

A. Stumpf, C. Schut und G. Schneider geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine von den Autoren durchgeführten Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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Stumpf, A., Schut, C. & Schneider, G. Psychische Aspekte bei Pruritus und Therapieoptionen. Hautarzt 67, 622–626 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-016-3825-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-016-3825-z

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