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Pathophysiologie der Akne

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Pathophysiology of acne

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Zusammenfassung

Akne ist weltweit die häufigste dermatologische Erkrankung. Um eine angesichts variierender klinischer Bilder geeignete Therapie ansetzen zu können, sind gute Kenntnisse über die Pathophysiologie der Erkrankung nötig. In den letzten 15 Jahren wurden neue Konzepte zur Pathophysiologie der Akne entwickelt. Acne vulgaris ist eine entzündliche Erkrankung, bei deren Entstehung Androgene, PPAR (Peroxisom-Proliferation-aktivierende Rezeptoren)-Liganden, regulierende Neuropeptide und Umweltfaktoren beteiligt sein können. Diese Faktoren unterbrechen den natürlichen zyklischen Prozess im Talgdrüsenfollikel und unterstützen den Übergang von Mikrokomedonen zu Komedonen und den klinisch entzündlichen Effloreszenzen. Proinflammatorische Lipide, Chemokine und Zytokine übernehmen die Vermittlerrolle bei der Entwicklung von Akneeffloreszenzen. Bakterielle Antigene können die entzündlichen Phänomene verstärken.

Abstract

Acne is the most common skin disease worldwide. Choosing the appropriate therapeutic regimens for the clinically diversified disease phenotypes require good knowledge of its pathophysiology. New concepts in this field have been developed in the last 15 years. Acne vulgaris is an inflammatory disorder in which androgens, PPAR ligands, regulating neuropeptides and environmental factors are probably involved as triggers. These factors interrupt the natural cycling process in the sebaceous gland follicle and support the transition of microcomedones to comedones and clinically inflammatory lesions. Proinflammatory lipids, chemokines and cytokines overtake the role of mediators for the further development of acne lesions. Bacterial antigens can potentate the inflammatory phenomena.

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  1. Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie/Immunologisches Zentrum, Städtisches Klinikum Dessau, Auenweg 38, 06847, Dessau-Roßlau, Deutschland

    C.C. Zouboulis

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__ ____

Der Beitrag entspricht einer aktualisierten Version der Veröffentlichung: Zouboulis CC (2010) Moderne Aspekte der Aknepathogenese. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 8(Suppl 1):S7–S14.

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Zouboulis, C. Pathophysiologie der Akne. Hautarzt 64, 235–240 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-012-2457-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-012-2457-1

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