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Verzögert auftretende Symptome einer Soforttypallergie

Typ-I-Sensibilisierung gegenüber Galaktose-α-1,3-Galaktose

Delayed appearance of symptoms in immediate hypersensitivity

Type I sensitization to galactose-α-1,3-galactose

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Zusammenfassung

Verzögert auftretende Soforttypallergien gegenüber Innereien und rotem Fleisch können durch IgE-Antikörper gegen Galaktose-α-1,3-Galaktose (α-Gal) vermittelt werden. α-Gal wird außer bei Menschen und Altweltaffen ubiquitär an Glykoproteinen oder Glykolipiden exprimiert. Für Menschen ist α-Gal daher immunogen, und bereits Zeckenstiche können dagegen sensibilisieren. Anti-α-Gal-IgG macht daher ~1% des IgG aus, seltener kommt es zu IgE-Antikörpern. Bei Genuss von rotem Fleisch und v. a. von Innereien treten dann, oft verzögert, Soforttypreaktionen wie Urtikaria auf. Da Cetuximab ein humanisierter IgG1-Antikörper mit murinem α-Gal ist, kann es bereits bei seiner Erstgabe zu Reaktionen kommen.

Abstract

Delayed immediate-type allergy to innards and red meat can be mediated by IgE antibodies to galactose-α-1, 3-galactose (α-Gal). Apart from humans and Old World apes, α-Gal is ubiquitously expressed in glycoproteins and glycolipids. Thus, as α-Gal is immunogenic for humans, they can be easily sensitized even through a tick bite. Anti-α-Gal IgG represents approximately 1% of total IgG; IgE antibodies to α-Gal are comparably rare. However, in these patients, consuming red meat and especially innards can lead to the development of immediate type reactions such as urticaria. Cetuximab is a humanized IgG1 antibody containing murine α-Gal. Therefore, allergic reactions may occur with its first administration.

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  1. Allergologie, Universitäts-Hautklinik, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Liebermeisterstr. 25, 72076, Tübingen, Deutschland

    T. Biedermann & M. Röcken

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  1. T. Biedermann
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  2. M. Röcken
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Correspondence to T. Biedermann.

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Biedermann, T., Röcken, M. Verzögert auftretende Symptome einer Soforttypallergie. Hautarzt 63 (Suppl 1), 76–79 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-011-2299-2

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